-AdamSmith.pptVIP

Adam Smith 1723~1790 Adam Smith’s lifeOrdinary but not mediocre Born in Kirkcaldy, a town of textile industry James Watt is the fellow townsman of Smith The Wealth of Nations 第一篇：论劳动生产力增进的原因并论劳动生产物自然而然地分配给各阶级人民的顺序（分工学说） Book III: Of the different Progress of Opulence(财富) in different Nations 第三篇：论不同国家中财富的不同发展（国民经济史） The Wealth of Nations 第一篇：论劳动生产力增进的原因并论劳动生产物自然而然地分配给各阶级人民的顺序（分工学说） Duality of the Wealth of Nations Theory of value Adam Smith’s Thoughts The Mechanical Clock and the Invisible Hand Accumulation and the Distribution of Income Value Market and Competition Smiths Two Souls Ⅰ. The Mechanical Clock and the Invisible Hand the Renaissance (16th-18th century) The Renaissance began in northern Italy and then spread through Europe. Renaissance is a French word that means “rebirth.” Arts became more true to life. Paintings became more realistic and focused less often on religious topics. It even influenced social science about how people look at the world and human being. 2. the Middle Ages The 5th-15th century of western Europe. Feudalism. What is the Mechanical Clock ? What is the invisible hand? How do they work in market economy? Ⅱ. Accumulation and the Distribution of Income division of labor The division of labour is a process by which a particular productive operation is subdivided into a certain number of separate operations, each of which is carried out by a different person. With the division of labour the workers skill increases, the idle time in transferring a worker from one activity to another is reduced and, above all, technical progress is stimulated. the size of the market The division of labour is limited by the size of the market, is only possible when the economy can produce for a sufficiently large market, and can be intensified only if the market is expanding. labor productivity Smith believed there is a cumulative mechanism that operates in a capitalist system which proceeds according to the following sequence: divisi