词汇学课件课件.pptVIP

College English I Unit 1 HE Chunxiu 何春秀 Chelsea Rules: Attendance Assignment (reading and writing) Discussion Presentation (group behavior)  Introduction An activity: HALF ME? Questions: What is lexicology according to you? Then what is English lexicology? Definition Lexicology Lexis??grammar ology: psychology,physiology, sociology Lexicology: a branch of linguistics, and the study of words. Definition: Lexicology: English lexicology: English lexicology: What aspects of words does English lexicology study? It studies the formation, meaning, usage, and historical development of English words. Eg. An example girl n. 女孩, 姑娘, 未婚女子 女儿 女仆, 保姆 (商店的)女工作人员 [口]情人, 女友 [作定语]女... [口]女人(不拘年龄) Usage a slip of a girl 毛头姑娘, 黄毛丫头; 瘦小的小姑娘 old girl 老太婆(对妇女的昵称或蔑称, 不论年纪大小); 老伴(对妻子的昵称) [英]女子学校的毕业生或校友, 女毕业生 老伙计(用在母畜身上, 特别是母马) ones best girl 恋人, 钟情的姑娘 Historical development Formerly, girl meant “young person (of either sex)” But now it denotes only a young female person. How do we study lexicology? Methods of word study a. synchronic method: words are studied at a point of time, without considering the changes in form and meaning b. diachronic method: words are studied in terms of their origin and changes. Nature of the course a.????? theoretical course b.???? practical course Why? Significance of lexicology an Irish story phonetics and grammar v.s. words significance as an independent subject; as a inter-disciplinary subject as a practical subject; 英国语言学家威尔金斯(Wilkins)曾经说过：“没有语法，人们可以表达的东西寥寥无几，而没有词汇则什么也表达不了。 (Without grammar very little can be conveyed；without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed)”。 English Today *Standard English: a common system of English speaking and writing, the “educated speech” used by government agencies, professions, the press, etc.—any institution attempting to address itself to the public beyond the smallest dialectal community. English History P.4 5th and 6th ce