(公开课课件)-非谓语动词之分词作状语定稿2讲述.ppt

非谓语动词 一、非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词 和分词.非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。 不定式（infinitive） 动名词（gerund） 现在分词（present participle） 分词（participle） 过去分词（past participle 二、谓语动词:就是指在句子中充当谓语的动词，谓语是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，指出“ 做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。 三、逻辑主语：是非谓语动词动作的执行者或承受者；它们在逻辑上存在着主谓关系或动宾关系，但不能直接作非谓语动词的主语，因此叫逻辑主语。 非谓语动词时态和语态的形式 非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。 二、不定式作状语 一、不定式作目的状语 He sat down to have a rest. (表目的) I stopped the car to take a short break as I was feeling tired. 二、不定式作结果状语 Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to find his plane high up in the sky. 他醒来发现大家都走了。（表示结果） 三、在某些形容词作表语，表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如： I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。 I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。 四，不定时作表语形容词的状语，和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定时多用主动形式，常见的形容词easy,hard,difficult,interesting,heavy,pleasant,good,fit ,comfortable,safe,dangerous,impossible. This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. 【2012辽宁卷】 A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operat 8.Pressed from his parents，and ____that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.（2012福建） A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized 6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky. （2012四川卷） A. finding B. to find C. being found D. to have found 1.doing或者being done 几乎同时发生 2.Having done或者having been done 先于谓语动词之前发生 “___ in the fields on a March afternoon,he could feel the warmth of spring. (2008,安徽）A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked 5.I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from Paddington. (2013·新课标Ⅱ卷) A. caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught 四、语态：分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。 4. He got up late and hurried to his office, _________the bre