中文摘要-国立高雄应用科技大学化学工程与材料工程系.doc

中文摘要 苦茶油來自苦茶籽萃取得之非乾性油脂，具有獨特之組成及很高的營養價值。不但耐貯藏、色清味香，且富含生育酚及不飽和脂肪酸。其抗氧化性優於大豆油，並可與高級橄欖油媲美。苦茶油可用於高級食用油、調製食品、化妝品和保健用品的製造等。苦茶籽含有大量油脂，油脂成分以油酸(oleic acid)含量最多。油酸可以防止和減輕膽固醇在體內沈積，並能降低人體內低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C，Lowdensity Lipoprotein-Cholesterol)含量，且提高高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C，High density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol)的含量，有效地預防和治療冠心病、高血壓等心血管疾病。因此，苦茶油可說是一種高經濟價值的產品。 本研究使用超臨界二氧化碳萃取技術，取代傳統的壓榨法和溶劑浸出法來進行苦茶油的萃取，以改善壓榨法的低油萃取率及溶劑浸出法所造成的溶劑殘存問題。本研究在壓力為3000~5000 psi，溫度為40~60 ℃的範圍下，進行超臨界二氧化碳萃取苦茶籽中苦茶油，並量測萃取所得的苦茶油酸價及油酸的含量。由實驗結果已得到不同的壓力及溫度下對苦茶油萃取效率有顯著影響，在壓力3000 psi及4000 psi油的萃取率會隨著隨溫度昇高而遞減，在5000 psi下，油的萃取率會隨溫度的昇高而昇高。而最佳萃取條件為壓力5000 psi，溫度333 K，油的萃取效率47.3 %。另外，實驗結果顯示，由本研究中使用超臨界流體二氧化碳萃取得到的苦茶油，不但具有比傳統法得到者更濃郁的香味，而且酸價低，油酸的含量65.9 %。 英文摘要 Tea-oil is a kind of non-drying fats and oils extrated from edible Tea-oil seed with unique and nutrition. It not only stores up enduringly, but also is with clear color and fragrant. Moreover it contains richly tocopherol and the unsaturated fatty acid. Its anti-oxidation surpasses soybean oil, and competes with high-quality olive oil. Tea-oil may use in high-quality cooking oil, modulation food, cosmetics and health care manufacture and so on. Tea-oil seed includes massive fat which main ingredient is oleic acid.Oleic acid may prevent and reduce the cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) stocking in human body. It also enhances the content of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and effectively prevent heart and blood vessel diseases such as cardiovascular and hypertension. Therefore, tea-oil is one kind of high economic value product. This research uses supercritical carbon dioxide extracted technology to substitute traditional squeezing and dissolves soaks methods and extracting tea-oil. Using the new methods can solve solvent residual and low oil rate problem causing by squeezing method. This research uses supercritical carbon dioxide, which pressurer is 3000~5000 psi, temperature between 40~60 ℃, to extract tea-oil from bitter tea seed. Then, we measured its a