PNF本体感觉神经肌肉易化技术.ppt

肩胛骨（后上提、前下压） 骨盆（后上提、前下压） 特殊操作方法及技术 Classification of Techniques Techniques directed to agonists直接作用主动肌 Techniques using antagonists to facilitate contraction of agonists利用拮抗肌促进主动肌收缩 Techniques using antagonists for relaxation of agonists利用拮抗肌放松主动肌 Techniques Directed to Agonists直接作用于主动肌 Objective: increase agonistic strength增强主动肌肌力 Repeated contractions重复收缩 Repetitive concentric contractions in agonistic pattern with no resistance to antagonists主动肌重复向心收缩(拮抗肌无阻力) Can add isometric holds at weak points in ROM在关节活动范围的弱点保持等长收缩 Rhythmic Initiation The one exception to active motion in PNF Progression used for those who are very weak or unable to initiate a motion (passive to active-assisted to active) Rhythmic motion through a desired ROM beginning with passive motion Rhythmic Initiation节律性起动 Description of technique Therapist moves the patient passively through a desired ROM, using speed and verbal commands to cue movement Patient is asked to move actively with therapist through ROM Therapist then begins to apply resistance 节律性起动（rhythmic initiation） 先给患者进行数次被动运动，然后让患者利用病变轻的肢体或借助滑车、重锤等工具给患肢进行数次自主的辅助运动，再试让患者自己作主动运动，成功后可作轻的抗阻运动。要注意与运动方向相反的运动是由治疗师完成的（回返动作） RI有改善起动运动的能力。RI对于帕金森综合征、较严重痉挛等难以起动运动的情况有用。 Techniques Using Antagonists to Facilitate Contraction of Agonists利用拮抗肌促进主动肌收缩 Slow reversal缓慢逆转 Repeated alternating concentric contractions of agonists and antagonists Slow reversal hold缓慢逆转维持 Adds isometric hold/s at weak point/s in ROM Rhythmic stabilization节律性稳定 Co-contraction, muscle “setting” Quick reversal Repeated alternating concentric contractions of agonists and antagonists at increased pace Slow Reversals缓慢逆转 使拮抗的两个肌群缓慢地交替地作等张收缩，在逆转中没有间歇，若关节周围的肌肉不平衡，阻力应先加在强的肌群上，阻力的强度应使患者能完成最大范围的ROM运动； SR的作用是促进主动肌，松弛拮抗肌，增加主动肌的肌力、耐力及协调主动肌和拮抗肌之间的运动。其原理是利用Sherrington的相继诱导定律（low of successive induction），即拮抗肌收缩停止的瞬间，对主动肌有促进作用。 Rhythmic Stabilization节律性稳定 Description of technique Alternating isometric contraction against resistance, no motion intended Therapist slowly increases resistan