心脏的解剖和生理.pptVIP

* 心肌梗塞相对应部位 右冠脉供应区：窦房结55%，房室结的90%，希氏束90%，右房右室游离壁、部分室间隔 前降支：左前壁、室间隔前部、部分右心室 回旋支：窦房结45%，左房左室侧壁 * 射血分数 心输出量 每搏输出量 心率 HR EF 评估指标 4个主要评估指标 (CO, SV, HR, EF) 心脏每分钟泵出的血液量 一次心脏收缩期间，心脏泵出的血液量 每分钟心跳数 心脏每搏泵出的血液百分比 CO = HR x SV 正常值 = 4-8 L/m EF = 射出的血液量 总血液量 正常值= 50-60% 收缩性心力衰竭 = EF40% CO SV * 心脏功能 收缩期: 心腔的收缩 舒张期: 心腔的舒张 心输出量: 在一特定的时间内，心脏射出的血液量－在静息状态下，正常值为4-7升/分 射血分数: 每次心跳中，心室泵出的血液量与收缩前心室的血液量之比(用%测量)－正常的EF值为50-70% 机械运动 * 右心 接受乏氧的血液 低压系统 容量泵 心室壁薄呈新月型 收缩舒张两期都有冠脉的灌注 Field Training I: Fundamentals Topic 1.1.0 Cardiac Anatomy Physiology 1.1.* Introduce the topics within the Field I / Fundamentals Course. Slide has automatically-timed animation (title slide emphasizes current topic) Field Training I: Fundamentals Topic 1.1.0 Cardiac Anatomy Physiology 1.1.* Discuss these terms: Term Definition Superior situated above Inferior situated below Medial situated toward the midline of the body or a structure Lateral denoting a position farther from the midline of the body; pertaining to a side Anterior situated at or directed toward the front Posterior situated at or directed toward the back Proximal nearest to a point of reference, as to a center or to the point of origin or attachment Distal remote; farther from any point of reference Slide contains automatic (body planes) and click-through animation Field Training I: Fundamentals Topic 1.1.0 Cardiac Anatomy Physiology 1.1.* Slide contains automatic/looping (heartbeat) and click-through animation Field Training I: Fundamentals Topic 1.1.0 Cardiac Anatomy Physiology 1.1.* The heart does not simply hang freely in the chest cavity. around it is a loose protective sack of tissue called the pericardium The heart lies inside this sack, which is loose enough to permit the heart to beat easily. The outer membrane of the heart is called the epicardium Under the epicardium is a thick layer of muscle called the myocardium, which forms the actual working part of the heart The myocardium is thickest in the left ventricle and thinnest in th