物流管理专业英语2010本部试题.docVIP

物流管理专业英语(本部考题)2010年 中文翻译成英文：（已经翻译好了）The push system does have significant limitations. One is that not all customers are able to purchase their first choice configuration of vehicle color and optional equipment. Many manufacturers offer many more vehicle configurations than individual dealers are able to inventory (even carrying 60- 90 days of sales). Dealers, who are interested in completing sales transactions as quickly as possible generally offer customers the selection vehicles from their current inventory. If the current inventory does not contain the customers first choice configuration the dealer may offer a price discount as an incentive for the customer to accept a non first choice vehicle. Although this process often does result in a consumer purchasing a vehicle, the transaction is inefficient. Both parties have compromised to accommodate an inventory shortfall. The end user has not received his first choice of vehicle and the dealer has unnecessarily discounted the price. A second limitation of the push system are the high system (importer + dealer) costs of transportation ，financing and storage. Vehicles are inventoried at point of sale, the most expensive location in the entire distribution chain. In short, the push system is only coincidentally responsive to customer choices and it maintains large inventories at point of sale.）（内容出自VOA） 英文要翻译成为中文的内容是： 1。Cargo consolidation is a business that grew out of containerisation. Taking small individual shipments and consolidating them in a container, or receiving a container and stripping it of its contents became an important and necessary activity in port cities in the 1970s. The development of container freight stations (CFS) was seen as an important value-added activity that went beyond the storage of goods in warehousing (Hayuth, 1986). Despite this apparent importance, there has been a dearth of studies on CFS. In the case of Hong Kong, the development of consolidation was made necessary by the chara