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The reasons of the translation’s difficulty 罗国艳 06级英语5班2009-6-13 The reasons of the translation’s difficulty 罗国艳 中文摘要 翻译在人类历史上是一项很伟大的工程，它包括很多因素，覆盖了语言和文化的很多方面，这些错综复杂的因素交织在一起，使得翻译变得很难。本文从文化方面论述翻译很困难的原因。通过分析中国和因与国家文化方面的差异来说明翻译很难。译者不仅要把基本意思传达出来，而且还要把里面的文化差异译出来，这是十分不容易的，加之每个人都想尽自己的全力做到十全十美，这就更加大了翻译的难度。本文将更进一步从东西方文化观念的差异、历史差异地理环境差异、动植物的差异、宗教差异来论述由于文化的差异这六个方面来论述引起翻译困难的原因。 关键词：翻译、困难、文化。 Abstract Everyone knows translation is very difficult, but why it is so difficult? And what reasons is here? In my opinion, the difference between English culture and Chinese culture brings about the situation. I’ll discuss it from the following six aspects. The difference in culture value，History，Set phrases originated from mythology, legendary, fables and allusions，Influence of environment and weather upon language，Animals and plants，Man and God. Key words: culture, value, history, legend, environment, animals, plants, religion. 1 Introduction Translation is a great project in human history. It includes many ingredients, such as culture, habit, concept and so on. Translators not only express the basic meaning accurately, but also the author’s intention and many other factors, and everyone wants to do it so perfectly, so translation becomes so difficult. I only discuss the question from culture here. Culture is a very important factor in translation, Chinese culture is very different from English culture. So translators translate English to Chinese or Chinese to English. 2 The reasons of translation’s difficult 2.1 The difference in culture value We have many different concepts from English concepts, such as political aspects、value theory、family concepts and so on. There are a lot of English words difficult to translate Chinese. For example “individualism” is often translated “”个人主义”, “materialism” is often translated “实用主义”。Some Chinese words are also difficult to translate English. Such as “资产阶级自由化倾向”、“又红