中石油2016通用英语选读课文44JobSatisfaction工作满意度..docVIP

44 Job Satisfaction 工作满意度 1.As we know，job satisfaction refers to a person’s general attitude toward his or her job.A person with a high level of job satisfaction has a positive attitude toward his or her job,while a person who is dissatisfied has a negative attitude.When people speak of employee员工 attitudes,they usually are referring to job satisfaction.Let’s look at some findings about job satisfaction. 1.我们知道，工作满意度是员工对自己工作的总体态度。一个拥有较高水平工作满意度的人对工作持积极的态度，而对工作不满意的人则对工作持消极的态度。通常我们谈到员工的态度时指的就是工作满意度。我们来看看关于工作满意度的一些研究发现。 2.Are most people satisfied with their jobs? 2.大多数员工对他们的工作满意吗？ 3.Studies of U.S. workers over the past 30 years generally indicate表明 that the majority of大多数 workers were satisfied with对…感到满意their jobs. However,since the 1990s,the number of workers who say they’re satisfied with their jobs has been declining下降.A Conference Board study in 1995 found that some 60 percent of Americans were satisfied with their jobs.By 2005,that percentage百分比 was down to 50 percent.Although job satisfaction tends to趋向increase as income increases增收,only 55 percent of individuals earning more than $50,000 are satisfied with their jobs.For individuals earning less than $15,000,about 45 percent of workers say they are satisfied with their jobs.Does the fact that those with higher incomes have slightly稍微higher levels of job satisfaction mean that money can buy happiness?Not necessarily未必如此.While it’s possible that higher pay alone translates into higher job satisfaction，an alternative explanation is that higher pay reflects different types of jobs.Higher-paying jobs generally require more advanced skills,give jobholders greater responsibilities,are more stimulating刺激 and provide more challenges,and allow workers more control.It’s more likely that the reports of higher satisfaction among higher-income levels reflect the greater challenge and freedom they have in their jobs rather than the pay itself. 3.在过去的30年里，针对美国工人进行的研究总体上表明，大多数员工对他们的工作是满意的。但是，从20世纪90年代开始，对工作满意的工人的数量开始下滑。1995年C