unit3phonology全解.ppt

Contents of this lesson 1.Suprasegmental features 2.syllable 3. Syllabification 4. Maximal onset principle 5.sonority scale How do you read the following sentences? 1.世界上女人没有了男人就不能活了 2. 克林顿（炖）菜馆 3.我说不过他也得说 4. This is a beautiful girl’s dress. 5. This is an invisible man’s hair tonic. The principal suprasegmentals are stress, tone, and intonation. Others: length, pause, tempo, rhythm, pitch, etc. Suprasegmental features（ Suprasegmental phonemes) are those aspects of speech that involve more than single sound segments. P47 /θ r i f/ /θ f r i/ /k n ?u/ /b r e s t/ /f l i n t/ /s f l ei t/ [ps] [pt] [spl] [spr] [str] [skw] Linear and non-linear analysis 1. /d/ is a _______. A. sound segment B. phoneme [k?,mju:nikei??n] Dogs are friends of human beings. -?/d?gz ?r frendz ?f hju:m?n bi??? / s n t d ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ Systematic gap(系统空缺） A set of organizing principles (rules) that control any system of language. E.g. slid and snid + possible lpid and sntd -impossible S l i d ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ θ r i f ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ Exercise 4 θ f r i ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ k n ?u ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ b r e s t ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ f l i n t ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ s f l ei t ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ? g r u: m ? ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ p s ? n t ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ p s ai k ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ s p l ? s ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ p r ? m p t ﹡ 5 4 3 2 1 ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ [ps] impossible +sonority scale [spl] [spr] [str] [skw] possible -sonority scale e.g. splash ; splay ; spleen; sprite ; sprout ; spry ; strike ; strident; string; squeeze ; squid ; squint ; [ -pt] possible -sonori