分项语法之七：补足语解读.ppt

The Complement The subject complement 系动词连接了主语和补语。这种结构中的补语是说明主语性状的，所以称为主语补足语。 The subject complement appears after copular predicate verbs (including mostly the various forms of Be and others like “appear”, “seem”, “sound” ,etc.) The form choices of the subject complement It includes noun phrase or pronoun, adjective phrase, adverb phrase, prepositional phrase non-finite clause, finite clause etc. 英语中主语补足语的形式是比较多样，归纳起来，常见的有以下几种：名词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等。 Adjective phrase as the subject complement: The weather is hot. The little cottage was nice and cosy. The argument became more heated. Adverb phrase as the subject complement: I’ll see if he is around. I have been out for a walk. I feel down today. Prepositional phrase as the subject complement: The bus stop is just across the road. He looked in splendid health. It has grown out of date. Non-finite clause and Finite clause as the subject complement: His plan is to keep the secret. His occupation was teaching English. After a time I grew dissatisfied with the work. The question is how we can survive the crisis. That what I want to do. 主语补足语形式种种 1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语. E.g. ① The dog is called Karl. ②He was found the right man for the job. 2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语。 E.g. ① The door was painted white. 　 　 ②The old man was found weak. 　　 ③ The classroom is always kept clean every day. 　　 The object complement Definition: 在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有1个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。 The form choices of the object complement It includes adjective phrase, noun phrase , prepositional phrase, adverb phrase, non-finite clause etc. 能够充当宾补的有：形容词，名词，介词，副词短语，非谓语动词等。 什么动词后可有宾语补足语 1. 在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词”结构，think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。 　　E.g. ①We consider him (to be) a good teach