基于非均匀气隙的永磁电机气隙磁密优化[精选].docVIP

基于非均匀气隙的永磁电机气隙磁密优化 刘明基，韩志，裴亚伟 （华北电力大学，新能源电力系统国家重点实验室，北京，102206） 摘要：传统方法设计的永磁电机同步电机气隙磁密谐波含量较大，对电机性能造成不利影响。本文采用不均匀气隙方法对内置“V”型转子磁路结构的永磁电机进行优化。首先，利用Taguchi方法及有限元法，以永磁电机的4个结构参数为优化变量，2种电机特性为约束条件，进行多目标多变量优化，得到了电机优化的空载气隙磁密波形；然后，将该方法与遗传算法进行对比分析，验证Taguchi方法优化结果的优越性；最后，运用时步有限元方法计算得到了考虑定子斜槽的感应电动势波形。 关键词：永磁电机；磁极优化；Taguchi方法；有限元法；不均匀气隙 中图分类号：×××××；××××× 文献标志码:A Magnetic Field Waveform Optimization of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with No-uniform Air Gap LIU Mingji, HAN Zhi, PEI Yawei （State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China） Abstract: Harmonic of air gap flux density waveform of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) designed by traditional method is a little large, it is harmful to the motor performance. A kind of V-type rotor structure permanent magnet motor was optimized by No-Uniform air gap method in this paper. First, 4 parameters of the permanent magnet motor were optimized through Taguchi method and finite element method (FEM). Two motor characteristics were taken as constraint conditions. By multiple objective and multiple variables optimization, a optimized air gap flux density waveform was get; Then, Taguchi method were compared with genetic algorithm, and Taguchi method has advantages; In the end, induction electromotive force considering skewed stator slot was calculated by time-stepping FEM. Key words: PMSM；Optimization of Magnetic Pole；Taguchi Method；FEM；No-Uniform Air Gap 中图分类号：×××××；××××× 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1001-6848（××××）××-××××-××× 0 引言 在用传统方法设计的永磁电机中，空载气隙磁密的谐波含量较大，导致定子绕组感应电动势波形发生畸变，谐波电流含量较大，增加了谐波损耗，并导致转矩波动，引起机械振动及噪声，因此，对空载气隙磁密波形进行优化具有重要意义[1]。 在永磁电机气隙磁密优化方面，国内外已有大量文献。文献[2-3]对表面式磁钢结构永磁电机包括偏心距在内的几个结构参数进行了优化；西南交通大学徐英磊采用有限元方法分析了偏心设计的V形内永磁电机的磁场，得到了偏心距与磁场的关系，用曲线拟合找到最小的THD点[4]；华北电力大学陈超采用不均匀气隙结构，利用遗传算法以及响应面法对内置V型转子磁路结构自起动永磁电机磁极形状进行优化，得到了转子磁极最优偏心距，从而较好的优化了空载气隙磁密，提高了电机的稳态运行性能。但该方法存在优化周期长，易陷入局部最优解的问题[5]；文献[6-7]利用Taguchi方法 1.1 永磁同步发电机转子原始结构