《论无罪推定原则在中国内地的现状.docVIP

论无罪推定原则在中国内地的现状 Current situation of the principle of presumption of innocence in mainland China 作者姓名：张静 学号：20101003156 【摘要】1996年，我国修订了刑事诉讼法并将无罪推定原则纳入我国刑事诉讼的基本原则，确立了疑罪从无、控方举证、沉默权三个具体规则。无罪推定原则作为一项基本原则在世界司法范围内得以广泛确认和应用，无罪推定原则是一项自然原则，是实现人权的重要保障。无罪推定原则在中国历经十四年的发展历程，已经渐渐融合中国国情有了自身的定义，但是由于我国司法实践的不断发展，该原则仍然不能完全适应我国社会的需要，在诉讼实践中产生了很多问题。本文将从四个方面阐述无罪推定原则，即无罪推定的概述、无罪推定的基本内容、无罪推定在中国发展现状以及无罪推定原则的完善。 【an excerpt】In 1996, Chinas criminal procedure law and will be revised the innocence presumption principle into the basic principle of our countrys criminal procedure, and established the suspect from the prosecution evidence without sin, silence, three specific rules. Innocent presumption principle as a basic principle in the world within the scope of judicial confirmation and application to widely, the principle of presumption is a natural policy, which is an important guarantee of human rights. Innocent presumption principle in China after 14 years of development, has grown to fusion Chinas national conditions have their own definition, but due to the judicial practice in China of development, the principle in our country still can not adapt the need of the society, in litigation practice has caused many problems. This paper from the four aspects of innocence presumption principle, namely the presumption of innocence presumption of innocence, overview of the basic content, the presumption of innocence in China development present situation and the perfection of the principle of presumption of innocence. 【关键词】无罪推定原则 疑罪从无 举证责任 沉默权 【key words】?presumption of innocence no punishment in doubtful cases burden of proof right to silence 1、无罪推定原则的概述 1.1无罪推定原则的定义 所谓无罪推定又称无罪假定，是指任何人在法院没有以确实、充分证据证实和判决其有罪之前，不得认为其有罪或者推定其无罪。① 其主要表达了三层意思：一是只能由法院来裁决罪与非罪；二是强调证据的重要性，即法院只有确定充分证据才能证明犯罪嫌疑人、被告人有罪；三是在法院作出判决前，任何人都是无罪的，不能主观上假设或类推其有罪。 1.2无罪推定原则的起源和发展 1.2.1无罪推定原则在世界范围内的起源和发展 无罪推定原则最早渊源于古代罗马法的“有疑，当有利于被告人之利益”的原则，其基本含义是对有疑问的案件，应作出有利于被告人的判决，即无罪判决。但是作为一种政治法律思想，最早从理论上提出无罪推定思想的是十八世纪意大利著名的启蒙