木霉菌素和嘧霉胺复配剂防治抗药性灰霉病(修改稿)..docVIP

木霉菌素和嘧霉胺复配剂防治抗药性灰霉病 王国平2，章初龙12* （1浙江大学 生物技术研究所，杭州 31002.浙江大化浙大生物药物研发中心，杭州 311616）摘要：嘧霉胺作用位点单一，加上连年使用和不合理的提高用药量，许多地方产生了严重的抗药性将木霉菌素和嘧霉胺种作用机制不同的药剂进行复配通过复配制剂的共毒系数、室内离体试验和盆栽药效评价发现木霉菌素与嘧霉胺19进行复配，共毒系数达171.1，盆栽药效比嘧霉胺防效高21.4%。该复配增效明显，具有推广的应用价值。 关键词：木霉菌素；嘧霉胺；复配；抗药性；灰霉病 中图分类号：文献码：APrevention and Control of Drug-resistant Botrytis cinerea Using the Mixed Preparations of Trichodermin and Pyrimethanil WANG Guo-ping2, ZEN Shao-ping2, XU Bing2, ZHANG Chu-long1,2 (1.Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; 2.Zhejiang Dahua Zhejiang University Biomedicament RD Center, Hangzhou 311616, China) Abstract：The fungicide pyrimethanil has a single action site. Serious drug resistance has developed in many places because pyrimethanil has been used for years and in unreasonably high doses. In order to extend the useful life of pyrimethanil and to reduce the drug resistance and the cost, a composition was produced based on trichodermin and pyrimethanil which have different mechanisms. The co-toxicity coefficient of the complex fungicide was tested and the efficacy was evaluated indoor and in pot plants. The results showed that the co-toxicity coefficient was 171.1 by using the complex of trichodermin and pyrimethanil with a ratio of 1:9. Its efficacy in the pot plant was 21.4% higher than that of pyrimethanil. In conclusion, this complex has obvious synergistic action and possesses popularization and application value. Key words: trichodermin, pyrimethanil, complex preparation, drug resistance, gray mold rot 由灰葡萄孢菌侵染所致的番茄、黄瓜灰霉病可引起20％～30％的损失，各地均有发生，护地设施栽培更为严重。目前还未发现灰霉病抗源材料，因此难以通过抗病育种来防治，目前生产上主要通过化学药剂来控制病害的发生与流行。嘧霉胺（Pyrimethanil）属苯胺基嘧啶类合成杀菌剂，为当前防治灰霉病当家品种，通过抑制病原菌浸染酶的产生来阻止病菌侵染，具有低毒无致畸、致癌和致突变等特点。嘧霉胺作用位点单一[1]，加上许多农民习惯连年使用、一季喷洒多次和不合理的提高用药量，导致其成为高抗药性风险杀菌剂国内外均有报道灰霉病对嘧霉胺产生了严重的抗药性[2-8]。 木霉菌素为红豆杉内生真菌紫杉木霉（richoderma taxi）次生代谢产物，对立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)、灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）、稻梨孢菌（Pyricularia oryzae）、终极腐霉（Pythium ultimum）尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cucumber）等多种植物