研究生英语翻译课程培训translation2分析.pptVIP

* CULTURAL DIFFERENCES AND TRANSLATION METHODS lecture 2 PART I CULTURAL DIFFERENCES  1. Words with the same denotative but different connotative meanings 2. The same referent represented by different terms in the two languages 3. Terms with seeming similarity but real semantic differences （semantic non-correspondence） 4. Terms in one language that lacks a counterpart in the other. （ lexical gap） WORDS WITH THE SAME DENOTATIVE BUT DIFFERENT CONNOTATIVE MEANINGS (1)? 又闻子规啼，夜月愁空山。 （《蜀道难》 李白） (2) 杜鹃啼血猿哀鸣，春江花朝秋月夜。 （《 琵琶行》白居易） (3) O’ bithe New-comer! I have heard, I hear thee and rejoice.( to the Cuckoo) ( by William Worthworth) “闲愁万种，无语怨东风” 《西厢记》 ---the east wind is symbolic of spring, with its urge to love and mating to Chinese people. “ How many winter days have I seen him, standing blue nosed in the snow and east wind !” ( by Charles Dickens ) 小桥流水人家， 古道西风瘦马，夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。（《天净沙 秋思》马致远） It’s warm wind, the west wind, full of birds’ cries; I never hear the west wind but tears are in my eyes, For it comes from the west lands , the old brown hills. And Aprils in the west wind, and daffodils. ( John Mansfield, An English writer) “这也难说，但凡家庭之事，不是东风压了西风，就是西风压了东风。” 霍译：“It’s hard to tell，”she said. “In every family affair，one side or the other has to win. If it’s not the East Wind, it’s the West.” THE SAME REFERENT REPRESENTED BY DIFFERENT TERMS IN THE TWO LANGUAGES 红茶 ----black tea 白胡子 --gray beard 木鱼脑袋 --- bird brain or pigeon brain 胆小如鼠 ----- chicken hearted 鸡皮疙瘩 ----- goose flesh 过着牛马一样的生活 ----- lead a dog’s life 如雨后春笋 ---- like mushrooms. 对牛弹琴---- cast pearls to swine 呆若木鸡-----as dumb as a duck 叽叽喳喳的麻雀---- as talkative as a magpie(喜鹊) I think he was married and had a lioness at home. 我想他结过婚了，妻子是个母老虎。 TERMS WITH SEEMING SIMILARITY BUT REAL  SEMANTIC DIFFERENCE TERMS WITH SEEMING SIMILARITY BUT REAL  SEMANTIC DIFFERENCE 我的邻居是一位六十多岁的老太太，隔三 差五， 到街头饭馆改善一次生活。 但每次 都