英国景点2学案.ppt

Buckingham Palace(白金汉宫） Buckingham Palace?is the official London residence and principal workplace of the?British monarch（君主）.[1]?Located in the?City of Westminster（西敏市）, the?palace?is a setting for state occasions and royal hospitality. It has been a focus for the?British people?at times of national rejoicing（庆祝）. Originally known as?Buckingham House, the building which forms the core of todays palace was a large?townhouse（镇厅）?built for the?Duke of Buckingham?in 1705 on a site which had been in private ownership for at least 150 years. It was subsequently acquired by?George III?in 1761[2]?as a private residence for?Queen Charlotte, and known as The Queens House. During the 19th century it was enlarged, principally by architects?John Nash?and Edward Blore, forming three wings around a central courtyard. Buckingham Palace finally became the official royal palace of the British monarch on the accession of?Queen Victoria?in 1837. The last major structural additions were made in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including the East front, which contains the well-known balcony on which the royal family traditionally congregates to greet crowds outside. However, the palace chapel was destroyed by a German bomb in World War II; the?Queens Gallery?was built on the site and opened to the public in 1962 to exhibit works of art from the?Royal Collection. 白金汉宫（Buckingham Palace）是英国君主位于伦敦的主要寝宫及办公处。[1] 宫殿坐落在西敏市，是国家庆典和王室欢迎礼举行场地之一，也是一处重要的旅游景点。历史上每逢英国欢庆或是危机时刻，这儿也是不列颠人民一处重要的集会场所。 白金汉宫的建筑风格为新古典主义。经过五次大修，历时将近300年之久才形成今天的格局。 Downing Street(唐宁街十号） 1530年左右的楼房，而最初的唐宁街10号则是一所修建于1685年的小市区宅第。在1732年，英王乔治二世将上述的两座房屋一并赐予罗伯特·沃波尔（即后世通称的第一任英国首相），以表扬他的功劳。然而，沃波尔不愿以个人名义接受奖赏，而代之以其官衔，即第一财政大臣的名义接受，结果“宫殿后的房子”和唐宁街10号就成为了每任第一财政大臣的资产。自1732年至1735年，沃波尔委托了知名建筑师威廉·肯特将两座楼房连接在一起，这就是今日所知的唐宁街10号。 10 Downing Street, colloquially known in the United Kingdom as Number 10, is the headquarters of?Her Majestys Government?and the official residence and office of the?First Lord of the Treasury, an office now invariab