药学英语上册汇总药学英语上册汇总.doc

Unit One Text A Introduction to Physiology building block connective tissue epithelial tissue anabolism catabolism deoxyribonucleic acid glucose glycogen gonad homeostasis matrix nitrogen osmolality osmoreceptor potassium trachea bronchi plasma membrane blood clotting glial cell atria ventricle cardiovascular system respiratory system gastrointestinal tract urinary tract reproductive system endocrine feces glucagon ganglia embryo body fluid fertilized egg  课文中句子（英译汉）: 1. It is concerned with how an organism performs its varied activities; how it feeds, how it adapts to changing circumstances, how it spawns new generations. 2. Although some processes are similar across the whole spectrum of biology-the replication of the genetic code for example-many are specific to particular groups of organisms. 3. Although there have been many important physiological investigations on human volunteers, the need for precise control over the experimental conditions has meant that much of our present physiological knowledge has been derived from studies on other animals such as frogs, rabbits, cats, and dogs. 4. The heart consists of four chambers, two atria and two ventricles, which form a pair of pumps arranged side by side. The right ventricles pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air, while the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood returning from the lungs to the rest of body to supply the tissues. 5. The carbon dioxide produced by the respiratory activity of the tissues is carried to the lungs by the blood in the pulmonary artery where it is excreted in the expired air. 6. This activity depends on electrical signals which, in turn, depend on the concentration of sodium and potassium ions in the extracellular and intracellular fluids. If there is an excess of potassium in the extracellular fluid, the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract at inappropriate times rather than in a coordinated manner. 7. If the body