[英语非谓语动词.ppt

非 谓语动词 非谓语动词 1．性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：除谓语以外一切成分。 2．形式 不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。 动名词相当于名词充当主语、表语、定语、宾语。 分词相当于形容词、副词。作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语形成分 3．语态：必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系，从而来确定非谓语动词态的语态。 B) 关于逻辑主语的问题 1. ______to the meeting surprised all of the boards. A. Mike coming B. Mike came C. Mike coming D. Mike’s coming 2. It’s no use _______ that you didn’t know the rules. A. you pretend B. you pretending C. your pretending D. your pretend Change the following into the simple sentences. That Peter didn’t attend the meeting made it put off. 3．不定式作宾语： 有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。常见的动词有： want, demand, like, hate, hope, begin, seem, fail, help, offer, manage, pretend, forget, remember, promise, prepare, learn, expect, agree, determine, prefer, intend, etc. 比　较　一般说来，动词-ing形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作，或抽象性的动作，时间概念不强。而动词不定式表示的动作往往是具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。　Smoking is forbidden here.　这里禁止吸烟。(泛指) 　It‘s not good for you to smoke so much.　吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。(具体) 　They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold.　天冷时他们喜欢呆在室内。(泛指) 　Would you prefer to stay at home this evening?　今晚你想待在家里吗？(具体) I like singing ,but I dont like to sing this night . 3）现在分词与过去分词作宾语补足语的区别： whom flns+sb do (经常性动作) +sb doing sth.（正在进行） +sth done（被动） 1.I used to see these boys ____( play ) on the playground. 2.I saw them _____( play ) the computer this afternoon. 3.She was surprised to find the house _____( break ) into when she went back home. 4. Unfortunately, he got his wallet _____( steal ) on the bus. 5. He won’t have us _____( criticize ) him. 6. It’s a bad habit to leave the work ______( undo ). 7. Yesterday I caught him _____( take ) my dictionary when I went into the classroom. 4） 分词作定语： 1. Do you know the man _____(speak ) at the meeting? 2. Do you know the man _____( praise ) at the meeting? 3. The building _____( put ) up last now is our library. 4. The buildi