比较高等教育学(学制)比较高教育学(学制).docVIP

第二章????? 高等教育学制述要 概念：第六学级、公学、罗宾斯高等教育原则、高等教育双重制、 赠地学院、威斯康星思想、 教学要求： 了解五国高等教育学制发展的历史进程 了解并分析五国高等教育学制的特点 英国学制 一、学制演变 1．19世纪初及之前教育制度的发展 (1)高等教育： 英格兰：牛津和剑桥 苏格兰：圣?安德鲁斯（1413），格拉斯哥（1451），阿伯丁（1495），爱丁堡（1582） The University of St Andrews ，founded in 1413, is the oldest university in Scotland. By the middle of the sixteenth century the University had three colleges - St Salvators (1450), St Leonards (1511), and St Marys (1538): the buildings of St Marys College and St Salvators Chapel both date from this period. The 16th to 18th centuries saw a period of mixed fortunes for the University. During this time St Salvators and St Leonards Colleges joined to form the United College which still survives in a greatly enlarged form.In the 19th century the University made considerable progress in developing teaching and research in the Arts, Divinity and the Biological and Physical Sciences. In 1897 the University was joined by a new academic centre in Dundee and with it gained notable achievements in Medical and Applied Science. This association ended in 1967 with the foundation of a separate University of Dundee.The University history, its personalities and its teaching practices can be traced through the collections of documents, art works, furniture, laboratory equipment and specimens that it has accumulated in its Museum The University of Glasgow is the fourth oldest university in the English-speaking world. It dates from 1451 when King James II of Scotland persuaded Pope Nicholas V to grant a lead seal, or bull, authorising Bishop William Turnbull of Glasgow to set up a university. For its first nine years, the fledgling university was based at Glasgow Cathedral.?In 1460, the University moved to High Street, where, over the next 400 years,?it continued to expand both in its scope and size. It was a centre of the both the industrial revolution and the Scottish Enlightenment. As it grew however, the University?was restricted by the encroaching overcrowding and squalor of