安克斯密特历史表现理论.docVIP

表象与本体 ——安克斯密特历史表现理论探析( 河南大学历史文化学院；河南大学世界历史研究所：李恒 （475001） 【摘要】安克斯密特在《历史表现》一书中提出了历史表现理论，它与叙事实体理论一脉相承，都是历史学家构建的某种叙事性解释。安克斯密特首先从词源学角度入手，详细考察了表现概念的发展变化，说明历史文本是对过去实在的一种模仿，是人们认识过去的一个途径。在认识过去的过程中，手段逐渐成为目的，模糊了历史表象与历史本体的边界。为了避免历史本体的消解，要求历史表现既要与历史本体相似，又要与之保持距离，这使历史表现理论陷入两难的境地之中。安克斯密特认为历史表现继承了叙事实体的整体性和实体性，是客观世界的真实存在，强调表现与被表现者在本体论上的地位是相等的，甚至本体的存在和对于本体的认识均有赖于其表象，这超出了人们惯常接受的认识论范围，使历史研究者不必再为恢复历史的原有面貌而穷经皓首。 【关键词】安克斯密特 历史表现 本体 表象 模仿 认识论 Representation and Ontology ——Research on Frank Ankersmit’s Historical Representation Theory Abstract: After the narrative substance theory Ankersmit works hard to surmount Hayden White, the founder of the narrative philosophy of history. Historical Representation is the research result in which Ankersmit expounds his historical representation theory in detail and highlights historians’ subjectivity in the writing of historical books. In fact, derived from the same origin, the historical representation theory is a succedaneum of the narrative substance theory for the sake of avoiding the color of “story-telling”. So the historical representation possesses the integrity and substantiality. We investigate the development and variation of the concept of representation thoroughly from the angle of etymology, and illustrate that historical text is a kind of simulation of the past and a way to know the past which contains the danger of confusing the bounder of representation and ontology. This potential danger makes historical representation theory immersed into a dilemma. According to Ankersmit, a historical representation is a thing that is made of language, the represented and its representation will share the same ontological status, and historical representation transcends the circumscription of epistemology. Through the conversion of key words, ankersmit tries to show more faces of the past, and explore the relationship between historical text and historical truth differently. Key Words: Ankersmit, Historical Representation, Ontology，Representati