The history of English in ten minutes.docVIP

The History of English in Ten Minutes. Chapter 1. Anglo-Saxon or whatever happened to the Jutes. 第一章，盎格鲁撒克逊人或曰朱特人发生什么了。 The English language begins with the phrase ‘Up Yours Caesar!’ as the Romans leave Britain and a lot of Germanic tribes started flooding in, tribes such as the Angles and the Saxons – who together gave us the term Anglo-Saxon, and the Jutes – who didn’t. 当罗马人离开英国，大量日耳曼部落开始涌入，包括盎格鲁人和撒克逊人（他们留下了“盎格鲁撒克逊”这个称呼），以及朱特人（没有留下什么痕迹），从此英语中有了这样的短语：“去你的凯撒！” The Romans left some very straight roads behind, but not much of their Latin language. The Anglo-Saxon vocab was much more useful as it was mainly words for simple everyday things like ‘house’, ‘woman’, ‘loaf’ and ‘werewolf’. 罗马人留下了一些笔直的道路，但没留下多少拉丁语。盎格鲁撒克逊的语汇更有用，因为主要是关于日常生活的词，比如“房子”，“女人”，“面包”和“狼人”。 Four of our days of the week - Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday were named in honour of Anglo-Saxon gods, but they didn’t bother with Saturday, Sunday and Monday as they had all gone off for a long weekend. 一周的四天——周二，周三，周四和周五的命名都是为了纪念盎格鲁撒克逊的神明。但是周六，周日和周一并没受到影响，因为人们都出发去度过漫长的周末了。 While they were away, Christian missionaries stole in bringing with them leaflets about jumble sales and more Latin. Christianity was a hit with the locals and made them much happier to take on funky new words like ‘martyr’, ‘bishop’ and ‘font’. 当他们离开的时候，基督教传教士溜了进来，随身带来了义卖传单和更多的拉丁语。基督教在当地轰动一时，让他们乐于接受时髦的新词，比如“殉道者”，“主教”和“洗礼盆”。 Along came the Vikings, with their action-man words like ‘drag’, ‘ransack’, ‘thrust’ and ‘die’. They may have raped and pillaged but they were also into ‘give’ and ‘take’ – two of around 2000 words that they gave English, as well as the phrase ‘watch out for that man with the enormous axe.’ 同时到来的还有北欧海盗，以及他们雷厉风行的词汇，比如“拖”，“掠夺”，“刺”，“死亡”。他们可能奸淫掳掠过，但他们同样热衷于“给予”和“索取”——这是他们带到英语中的约2000个词汇中的2个。他们带来的还有这个习语：“小心挥舞着巨大斧头的人！” Chapter 0, The Norman Conquest or Excuse My English. 第二章，诺曼人入侵或曰原谅我的英语 1066. True to his name, William the Conqueror invades England, bringing new concepts from across the channel, like the French language,