book1unit4 Grammar.docVIP

Unit 4 Earthquakes 　 Period ш Grammar—The Attribute Clause导学案 　　　　　　 　编者：李文宝 审核：崔殿凤 教学目标 重点难点 关系代词的选择与从句中时态的运用 语法精析 预习热身 阅读下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会定语从句的用法。 A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals.The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000. ③Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. ⑤Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 自我总结 1．例句、中的关系词分别为________和________，其先行词皆为物，可以互换。 2．例句、的关系词皆为________，其先行词为________和________。 3．例句的关系词为________，在定语从句中作定语。 限制性定语从句(that，which，who，whose)一、定义及分类 在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关 系 词 分类 关系代词(who；whom；whose；which；that；as) 关系副词(when；where；why) 句中作用 连接主从句 指代先行词 在从句中充当成分 分类 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 二、引导限制性定语从句的关系代词 指代人 指代物 主语 who，that，as which，that，as 宾语 whom，that which，that 定语 whose whose 例句： 1. The man who/that is talking with my father is a teacher. 正和我父亲说话的那个人是教师。 Guilin is a city which/that has a history of 2,000 years. 桂林是一座有2000年历史的城市。 The man (whom) you met just now is my father. 你刚刚遇到的人是我父亲。 Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in. 没有人要这个屋顶已坍塌的房子。 【注意】　 (1)关系代词that既可指人也可指物。有时可与关系代词which/who/whom互换，但是当which，whom放在介词的后面作宾语时，不能与that互换。 (2)在从句中作宾语或表语时who与whom一般可互换，但是若紧跟在介词后面作宾语时只可用whom。whom在从句中不作主语。 (3)关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。 (4)关系代词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词。 (5)whose引导定语从句时，可与the＋n.＋of which/whom及of which/whom＋the＋n.互换。(6)as引导定语从句，可构成the same...as，such...as结构。 三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况 1．当先行词为all，everything，nothing，anything，little，much等不定代词以及先行词被这些词修饰时。 All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做了。 2．先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the largest ship that I have ever seen. 这是我曾经见过的最大的船。 3．当先行词被the only，the very，the last修饰时。 This is the very book that I am looking for. 这正是我要