2008高考语文复习 名词性从句.docVIP

2008高考语文复习 名词性从句 概念：起名词作用的从句叫名词从句。它和名词一样，在句中可充当主语，表语，宾语和同位语。名词从句包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。 名词从句的引导词通常有： 1. 连词that, whether, if. 2. 连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, which等 3. 连接副词when, where, how, why I. 主语从句 主语从句在从句中作主语，主语从句可以位于句首，但常见的主语从句多放在句末，句首则用形式主语it。 例如： 1. That the earth is round is true. = It is true that the earth is round. 2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided. = It hasn’t been decided whether he will come. 注意：连词that, whether在从句中不担任句子成分，只起连接作用，不能省略。并且whether引导主语从句时不能用if代替。 3. Who let out the news remained unknown. = It remained unknown who let out the news. 4. How this happened is still a question. 5. It is not clear when we will start. 6. Why he didn’t come here is not clear to anyone. = It is not clear to anyone why he didn’t come here. 7. Which is right isn’t known to us. 注意：who, which, how, when, where, why在所引导的主语从句中可担任主语，宾语，状语，不能省略。可以用形式主语it引导。 8. What he said at the meeting is important. 他在会议上所说的话很重要。 9. Whoever leaves the office should tell me. 无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。 10. Whenever the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. 注意：who, whom, which, what等可以和ever构成合成词，引导主语从句和宾语从句。此类主语从句不能用it引导，引导词在句中担任句子成分，不能省略。 另外，有的“It …＋主语从句”已成为固定结构。如： a. It is +名词＋从句 It is a pity that we can’t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。 b. It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is clear that Tom has returned. 很显然汤姆已经回来了。 c. It is ＋过去分词＋从句 It is said / reported / believed / known … II. 表语从句 在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句。 That’s what we should do. That’s why I want to see you. The reason for my absence was that I was ill. 1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句： My suggestion is that we should go shopping. It seems that it is going to rain. 2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。 It looks as if it’s going to rain. It was because I got up late. 3. 在非正式文体中，引导表语从句的that可以省略。如： The trouble is （that）he is ill. 注意：在表语从句中，当reason作主语时，引导词只能用that，不能用because，如：他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。 The reason why he was la