TheMostSuitable，theBest―AnAnalysisonLiteralTranslationandFreeTranslation.docVIP

TheMostSuitable，theBest―AnAnalysisonLiteralTranslationandFreeTranslation 　　[摘 要] 国内外翻译研究的争议主要在于，翻译究竟是需“直译”，还是“意译”。这一根本差异招致诸多争论。事实上，在翻译实践中，直译与意译都被认为是最重要、最根本的问题，且二者在翻译过程中都充当着极其重要的作用。本文通过列举具体实例，分析两种翻译理论各自具有的优势和劣势。从而得出结论：在翻译过程中，应灵活、适宜地运用直译、意译及两种理论结合的方法，并不偏颇于那一种。 　　[关键词] 直译；意译；译者 　　【中图分类号】 H059 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1007-4244（2013）08-143-2 　　Introduction 　　The study of proper principle of translation is termed as translation theory. This theory， based on a solid foundation on understanding of how languages work， recognizes that different languages encode meaning in differing forms， yet guides translators to find appropriate ways of preserving meaning， while using the most appropriate forms of each language. Translation theory includes principles for translating figurative language， dealing with lexical mismatches， rhetorical questions， and many other topics crucial to good translation. 　　Basically there are two competing theories of translation. In one， the predominant purpose is to express as exactly as possible the full force and meaning of every word and turn of phrase in the original， i.e.， literal translation； and in the other the predominant purpose is to produce a result that does not read like a translation at all， but rather moves in its new dress with the same ease as in its native rendering， i.e.， free translation. In the hands of a good translator neither of these two approaches can ever be entirely ignored. 　　In history， Cicero， Horace， Quintilian， Catullus， and the younger Pliny focused primarily on the issues of literal vs. free translating.However， Dr. Dan Shen pointed out that literal and free translation would amount to the one and the same thing in the case of idiomatic expressions. 　　Literal translation and free translation both are different methods of expression， thus translator can not tell which is better. Translating literally， translator should not freely translate； while translating freely， translator should not literally translate. They