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Deoxynivalenol Impairs Porcine
TheJournalofNutrition
NutrientPhysiology,Metabolism,andNutrient-NutrientInteractions
DeoxynivalenolImpairsPorcineIntestinal
BarrierFunctionandDecreasestheProtein
ExpressionofClaudin-4througha
Mitogen-ActivatedProtein
Kinase-DependentMechanism1,2
PhilippePinton,3CorneliaBraicu,3,6Jean-PhilippeNougayrede,4Joe¨lleLaf?tte,3IoneliaTaranu,3,5
andIsabelleP.Oswald3*
3LaboratoiredePharmacologieetToxicologieUR66,INRA,F-31931Toulouse,France;4INRA,UMR1225,F-31076Toulouse,France;
and5InstitutulNationaldeCercetareDezvoltarepentruBiologiesiNutritieAnimala,INCDBNA,Balotesti007015,Romania
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol(DON)isacommonmycotoxinthatcontaminatescerealsandtheirby-products.Thegastrointestinaltract
isthe?rstphysicalbarrieragainstingestedfoodcontaminants.DONcontributestothelossofbarrierfunctionofthe
intestinethroughthedecreasedexpressionofclaudin-4protein,atightjunctionprotein.ThemechanismbywhichDON
alterstheintestinalbarrierfunctionremainspoorlycharacterized.Therefore,weinvestigatedtheinvolvementofmitogen-
activatedproteinkinases(MAPK)intheDON-inducedlossofbarrierfunction.We?rstveri?edthat30mmol/LofDON
activatedMAPKinahighlysensitiveporcineintestinalepithelialcellline(IPEC-1).Inhibitionofp44/42extracellularsignal-
regulatedkinase(ERK)phosphorylation,with0.5mmol/Lofthespeci?cMAPKpharmacologicalinhibitorU0126for2h,
restoredthebarrierfunctionofthedifferentiatedintestinalepithelialcellmonolayers.Therestorationofbarrierfunction
wasevaluatedbytrans-epithelialelectricalresistancemeasurementsandtracer?uxparacellularpermeability
experiments.TheU0126alsorestoredtheintestinalexpressionofclaudin-4protein,therebydemonstratingthatMAPK
activationisinvolvedinclaudin-4proteinexpressionandclaudin-4isinvolvedinthemaintenanceoftheintestinalepithelial
cellbarrierfunction.Furtherexperimentsindicatedthatp44/42ERKisnotinvolvedinthetranscriptionalregulationof
claudin-4.Inconclusion,wedemonstratedthatDON-inducedactivationofthep44/42ERKsignalingpathwayinhibitsthe
expre
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