Unit-3-Young-William-Shakespear的莎士比亚.pptVIP

Types of Literary Works Long Poems 长诗 Sonnets 十四行诗 Histories 历史剧 Comedies 喜剧 Tragedies 悲剧 Romances 传奇剧 /wiki/Shakespeare In the late 19th century, Edward Dowden classified four of the late comedies as romances, and though many scholars prefer to call them tragicomedies, his term is often used. Main works III. Significances WS is the most popular and most widely respected writer in all English literature. More of the popular sayings we have come form Shakespeare than from any other source except from the Bible. His plays are still performed after all these years, and his poems are still read, despite the fact that the language has changed since his days, which makes problems for his readers. WS, as a child of English Renaissance（文艺复兴）, best exemplifies the zeitgeist (时代精神)of his time. All the best features of the age find adequate expression in his works. These include the sense of individual worth, the feeling of freedom in thought and action, the ambition and the dynamic aggressiveness （侵略、进取）, the plentitude of talent and the excesses of energy, the pioneering spirit of adventure and the desire for accomplishment, the daring to conquer and to invent and innovate, the self-assurance, the vision, the insight and, on top of these all, the emotional abandon with which Renaissance inspires all its writers. The temper and tempo of the Elizabethan age is well demonstrated in the works of its greatest literary figure. 在莎翁的历史剧当中，君主往往是反面角色。伊丽莎白女王呢，当然知道这一点，她并没有下令禁止演出莎士比亚的戏剧。因为小莎从来就没有对女王有任何不敬，相反，他写了很多歌颂女王和她妈妈的剧本，赢得了大家的喜爱，如果他敢把女王写成反面角色，他早就人头落地了。 尽管在哈姆雷特这样的剧中，就有“脆弱啊，你的名字是女人！”这样的台词。但是呢，这并没有影响伊丽莎白女王一世界、就坐在舞台对面的包厢里看戏。 因为称女人脆弱是一种赞美，反之，如果一女的被说成刚强，则一般被认为是一种污蔑。 女王的宽容，成就了莎士比亚的艺术高度，也成就了英国整个岛国上的人民的面貌和气质。 如今，在他的故居，已竖起了近200多个国家的国旗，每一面都代表一个国家翻译了他的作品。他的名声也可想而知。就像中国人研究“红学”一样，对莎士比亚的研究也成了一门学问，叫做“莎学”。 伊丽莎白一世（Elizabeth I，1533年9月7日--1603年3月24日），于1558年11月17日至1603年3月24日任英格兰王国和爱尔兰女王，是都铎王朝的第五位也是最后一位君主。她终身未嫁，因被称为“童贞女王”。她即位时不但成功地保持了英格兰的统一，而且在经过近半个世纪的统治后，使英格兰