23汉译英的句子处理.pptVIP

Translation of sentences 汉译英的句子处理 基本步骤 确定句子的主干 主语的确定 谓语的选择 调整句子的语序 选择适当的词汇 主语的确定 无主句必须添加必要的主语 必须是句中应该突出的信息 必须符合英美人的思维视角 必须符合英语的逻辑搭配习惯 必须符合行文连贯的需要 下雪了。 It is snowing. 古今中外，这种情况概莫能外。 There is no exception to this in modern or ancient time, in China or elsewhere . 门前有棵树。 There is a tree in front of the gate. 南京发生过许多重大的历史事件。 Nanjing witnessed many great historic events. 想到要放假回家，他就激动不已。 The idea that he would go back for a holiday made him greatly excited. 谓语的选择 人称和数与主语保持一致 明示时态、情态、语态 逻辑上与主语搭配得当 逻辑上与宾语搭配得当 选择一个主要动词作谓语，其它动词用其他形式 这小伙子很帅。 The young man looks so handsome. 他们终于收到信了。 They got the letter they had been expecting. 我一直盼望着有机会看这部电影。 I’ve been hoping I’d have a chance to see the film. 全球核冲突的危险已经大大减少了。 The risk of the global nuclear conflict has been greatly reduced. 大火使这个著名的旅馆几乎毁掉了。 The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire. 你的作文取得了很大的进步。 You have made great progress in writing. 明天总统准备乘坐专机前往上海参观访问. The president prepares to go to Shanghai by his special plane for a visit tomorrow. 老拴正在专心走路，忽然吃了一惊，远远地看见一条丁字街，明明白白横着。（鲁迅《药》） Absorbed in his walking, Old Shuan was startled when he saw the crossroad lying distantly ahead of him. 调整句子的语序 定语和状语的位置： 汉语：位置相对稳定 英语：位置多种多样，有时在被修饰词之前，有时在被修饰词之后 定语的调整 状语的调整 多个状语的词序调整 逻辑关系的调整 定语的调整 汉语： 定语一般在所修饰词之前 越能说明事物本质的定语越要放在最前面，英语中相反 英语： 词组或从句作定语时一般在所修饰词之后 单词作定语时一般在所修饰词之前 a research-orientated university something important the ancient Chinese mythology a remodeling project of a linguistic lab a match with little chance to win 一所以科研为重点的高校 重要的事情 中国古代神话 语音室的装修计划 一场难打的比赛 状语的调整 有时需要将前置状语调整为后置 汉语：状语往往前置 英语：状语位置非常灵活 现代科学技术正在飞速发展。 Modern science and technology are developing rapidly. 他当年并不是个出色的学生，但他很活跃。 He did not distinguish himself as a student, but he was very active. 我才不会像气球似的一碰就破呢。 I will not break, like a balloon, at a touch. 多个状语的词序调整 汉语的排列次序 时间状语，地点状语，方式状语 英语的排列次序 方式状语，地点状语，时间状语 一九七五年10月19号上午十点我出生在东北的黑龙江省佳木斯市。 I was born in Jiamusi, Heilongjiang province in northeast China at 10 A.M. on the 19th of Octob