生理思考题.ppt

Briefly answer 1. State the factors that influence the gas exchange across the alveolar membrane. 2. State how air goes into the alveoli and goes out from the alveoli? 3. State the elastic resistance change of thoracic cage when thoracic cage volume is equal to and lesser, larger than its original volume. 4. Describe the physiological function of pulmonary surfactant Questions 1. When a climber climbs to the top of a mountain with 4500 meters high, what is his or her ventilation? What is the mechanism? 2. How is intra-plural negative pressure established and what is the change in plural pressure during breathing? And why? What is the function of negative plural pressure? 3. If an animal is allowed to breath the air containing 4 per cent CO2, what is its ventilation and describe in detail the mechanism. 4. If two rabbits are allowed to breath air containing 4 per cent CO2, with one rabbit’s afferent nerves from peripheral chemoreceptors being cut and another rabbit’s afferent nerves being intact, what is the ventilation of the two rabbits and state in detail the mechanism. 5. If two rabbits are allowed to breath pure nitrogen gas, with one rabbit’s afferent nerves from peripheral chemoreceptors being cut and another rabbit’s afferent nerves being intact, what is the ventilation of the two rabbits and state in detail the mechanism. 6. While doing experiment, tracheal cannula of 1 meter long and about the same inner diameter of trachea is introduced into the trachea, after tracheal cannulation, what is the ventilation of the rabbit, state in detail the mechanism. 7. If a transection between the pons and medulla oblongata is performed with two vagi being intact, what the respiratory rate and depth change and if at the same time, the two vagi are also sectioned, what is the rate and depth? 8. If an animal is allowed to breath 4% CO2 with the arterial blood pH and oxygen level being controlled at normal l