unity3Grammar.pptVIP

名词性从句的概念 名词性从句相当于名词词组，在复合句中可分别作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类。 1.When we will start is not clear. 2.Mrs Black won’t believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 4.I had no idea that you were her friend. * Unit 3 Grammar 名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 Noun Clause Predicative Clause Subject Clause Object Clause Appositive Clause 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 名词性从句的种类 The Objective Clause 在复合句中作宾语的从句称作宾语从句，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词及某些形容词的宾语。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 一、宾语从句中连接词的用法： 从属连词：that, whether, if （不作任何成分，只起连接作用） 连接代词：who(ever), whom(ever), whose, what(ever) ,which(ever) （充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等） 连接副词：when ,where, why , how （充当状语） 1.从属连词that引导的宾语从句 从属连词that引导宾语从句时无词义，也不担任任何 成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。例如： I hear (that) she has set off for Shanghai. I’m sure that he will come and join us. 在哪些情况下that 不可以省略？ ⑴当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时,引导 第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省略。 He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you. （第一个that可以省略，第二个that不能省略） ⑵ 介词宾语从句的that不省略。 I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to be a soldier. ⑶ 在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中， that不省略。 We found it impossible that he could finish the task in such a short time. He made it clear that he objected to the plan. I feel it a pity that she can’t come. 2.由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句 从属连词if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句， whether或if在从句中不担当句子成分。 I wonder whether/if they will come to my birthday party. whether 与if 有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用whether. ⑴ whether引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句。 (Whether he is alive or dead) is still a mystery. (whether 引导主语从句) What we want to know is (whether he has lied to us). （whether引导表语从句） The question (whether the manager should resign) must be decided soon. （whether引导同位语从句） ⑵ whether能引导介词后的宾语从句。 It depends on whether he is willing to help us. ⑶ 与or not 连用时只能用whether。 I wonder whether Ill catch the last bus (or not ). ⑷ whether能与不定式连用。 I have no idea whether to accept or refuse your invitation. ⑸ 在动词discuss之后只能用whether。 We