lecture16SubjunctiveMood.pptVIP

* * Lecture 16 Subjunctive Mood Conception of Mood a grammatical category which indicates whether an utterance expresses a fact(Indicative mood,陈述式), a command or request(Imperative mood，祈使式), or a non-fact and Hypothesis (Subjunctive mood，虚拟式) 式（Mood）又称为“语气”，是个语法范畴，它是区别说 话人以何种口气说话的动词形式，是陈述事实，还是发出 命令，还是虚拟假设。 An Englishman’s house is his castle. 金窝银窝不如自己的草窝 Don’t cross a bridge till you come to it.船到桥头自然直 If there were no clouds, we should not enjoy the sun. 没有挫折或者风雨，那么我们不会懂得去珍惜身边的美好 Subjunctive mood（虚拟语气）：表示所说的话只是一种 主观的愿望、假想和建议等。 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的应用 虚拟语气在其他状语从句中的应用 在宾语从句中的应用 在主语从句中的应用 用于表语从句和同位语从句 用于定语从句（It is time (that)…） Ⅰ.虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的应用 条件句种类：真实条件句和非真实条件句 Oil floats if you pour it on water. If you have finished with that book, take it back to the library. If I were you, I would refuse the money. 真实条件句：假设是可能发生或实现的，不用虚拟语气。 非真实条件句：假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的， 须用虚拟语气。 1.与现在事实相反的非真实条件句 If I ___ the meaning of the word, I wouldn’t have to look it up. A know B knew C known D knowing If places ___ alike, there would be little need for geographers. A being B are C be D were 从句：过去时(were)，主句:should/would/could/might+Verb 2. 与过去事实相反 If we had known his telephone number, we would have telephoned him. If they hadn’t gone on vocation, their house wouldn’t have been broken into 从句：had+过去分词（P.P） 主句：should/would /could /might+have+p.p 3.与将来事实相反 If he were to come, what should we say to him?(正式语体) If you were to come tomorrow, I might have time to see you. 从句：过去时（be---were to) 主句： should/would /could /might+Verb Had he worked harder,he______the exams. A must get through B would have got through C would get through D could get through Were you in my position, you_____ the same. A should do B should have done If you hadn’t watched that late movie last night, you____so sleepy now. A wouldn’t be B wouldn’t have been If I