60年代的美国社会经济迅猛发展.docVIP

As the 1960s progressed, widespread tensions developed in American society that tended to flow along generational lines regarding the war in Vietnam, race relations, sexual mores, womens rights, traditional modes of authority, experimentation with psychedelics, such as LSD and psilocybin. New cultural forms, mainly anti-establishment and counterculture emerged. An anti-establishment view or belief is one which stands in opposition to the conventional social, political, and economic principles of a society. The term was first used in the modern sense in 1958, by the British magazine New Statesman to refer to its political and social agenda. While The counterculture of the 1960s refers to a cultural movement that mainly developed in the United States and spread throughout much of the western world between 1956 and 1974. The movement gained momentum during the U.S. governments extensive military intervention in Vietnam. Many scholars of this era believe that the peak years of this countercultural movement were from 1965 to 1972. Anti-Establishment became a buzzword of the tumultuous 1960s. Young people raised in comparative luxury saw many wrongs perpetuated by society and began to question the Establishment. Contentious issues included the ongoing Vietnam War with no clear goal or end point, the constant military build-up and diversion of funds for the Cold War, perpetual widespread poverty being ignored, money-wasting boondoggles like pork barrel projects and the Space Race, festering race issues, a stultifying education system, repressive laws and harsh sentences for casual drug use, and a general malaise among the older generation. On the other side, Middle America often regarded questions as accusations, and saw the younger generation as spoiled, drugged-out, sex-crazed, unambitious slackers. The emphasis on freedom allowed previously hushed conversations about sex, politics, or religion to be openly discussed. A wave of liberations came out of 1960s: the Feminist