unit4 words.doc

东平明湖中学高一英语学案 Book1 Unit4 Earthquake 词汇学习课（第一课时） 班级______ 姓名________ 主备人徐玉芳 审批人______ Diligence is the mother of good luck. 勤奋是好运之母。 一、词汇学习 1. burst vt. vi. burst, burst 使 爆裂；爆发　n. 突然破裂；爆发 Eg. The balloon burst. A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song. 1 burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支 2 burst out doing burst into + n. 突然……起来 感情的突然爆发 3 burst in/into 闯进，突然破门而入 ①看到姐姐后，她突然大哭起来。 She __________________________ on seeing her sister. ＝_________________________________________ ②他没敲门就闯进房间。 He ____________________________ without knocking at the door. 2. injure vt.　损害，伤害 1 injured adj. 受伤的；委屈的 the injured 伤员 an injured look/expression 委屈的样子/表情 2 injury n. 伤口，伤害 do an injury to sb. 伤害某人 ①Luckily，he was/got slightly injured in the accident. _________________________________________________ ②伤员被立即送往医院。 ___________________________________________________ 比较wound，injure，hurt，harm wound 指暴力中外伤，如枪伤、刀伤，尤指战争、战斗中受伤 injure 多指在意外事故中受伤 hurt 主要指肉体上，心灵上和感情上的伤害 harm 作动词和名词，指伤及一个人或其心情,健康,权利,事业等,并使之产生痛苦,损害或某种不幸遭遇. do sb. harm/ do harm to sb./ harm sb. 针对训练 ①The soldier was ____________ in the arm in the battle. ②I am _____________ not to have been invited. ③Don’t _____________your eyes by reading in dim light. ④The girl ____________ her leg when she fell. 3. ruin n．[U]毁坏；毁灭；[C] pl. 废墟、遗迹v. 使 破产，毁灭 1 lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 bring sb. to ruin 使某人失败，使倾家荡产 come/ fall to/into ruin 毁灭，灭亡，崩溃 2 ruin oneself 自取灭亡 ruin one’s health/fame 毁坏某人的健康或名誉 ①Heavy smoking ruined his health. ___________________________________________ ②That mistake ruined his chance of getting the job. ______________________________________________________ 比较destroy，ruin，damage destroy 彻底破坏，不能修复，也指希望，计划，努力，契约等 ruin 表示破坏严重，强调不是一次的打击结果，渐渐毁坏了，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏，往往是非暴力的，多指非人为因素，自然现象或客观原因所致 damage 指使事物在价值，效用，外观等方面受到破坏，损害，即部分受损，程度比destroy轻。作名词时与介词to连用 cause/do damage to sth. 针对练习 ①The whole city was ____________ in the earthquake. ②The storm caused great _____________ to the crops. ③