省略句ellipsis.docVIP

省略句ellipsis 为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis） 种类 例句 说明 主语的省略 Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day), isn’t it? Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea.) 有时也可省略整个句子的主语和谓语，只保留次要成分。 She was poor but (she was) honest. --Did you know anything about the accident? --Not until you told me. (= I didn’t know anything about it until you told me.) 谓语的省略 --what do you think made Mary so upset? --Losing her new bicycle (made Mary so upset). 状语从句的省略 when the house is seen from the plane, the house looks like tiny toys. If (it is) possible, I’ll go there with you. 条件1:主从句主语一致，从句的谓语动词含有be动词。 条件2:从句的主语是it，从句的谓语动词包含be动词。 不定式的省略 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (not to ride his bicycle in the street.) --Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? --I was going to (come yesterday), but I had an unexpected visitor. 若不定式后面是完成时，省略时应保留have；不定式后含有动词be的结构时，也要保留be动词。 --Did you tell him the news? --I ought to have (told him the news), but I didn’t know how to speak. --Are you an engineer? --No, but I want to be. Ⅰ、状语从句中的省略用法 一 如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were），可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。 1.when，while引导的时间状语从句 e.g. When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her. 2.if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句 e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment. I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited. 3.though，although，whether，no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句 e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was) poor. 4.as if，as though引导的方式状语从句 e.g. He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after a long sleep. 二than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。 e.g. He is taller than his brother (is). I have as much as confidence in you as (I have confidence) in him. Ⅱ、定语从句中的省略用法 关系词的省略关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。 e.g. The man