PolychlorinatedBiphenyls(PCBs)ToxicSubstanceControl.pptVIP

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)Toxic Substance Control Act Environmental Compliance Assistance Workshop September 13th, 2005 Raj Aiyar (404) 562-8993 EPA Region 4 TSCA Programs PCBs New Chemicals (Core TSCA) Asbestos in Schools Lead Based Paint PCBs What are PCBs? PCBs are synthetic organic compounds 209 Congeners (forms) Commercial PCBs are mixtures of congeners. Produced under various tradenames, Aroclor (Monsanto), Askeral (USA), Pyroclor (UK), Inerteen (Japan), Solvol (Russia) PCB Uses PCBs were commercially produced for 50 years PCBs commonly used as: Dielectric fluid in transformers and capacitors - 56% Plasticizers (carbonless copy paper) - 30% Hydraulic fluids and lubricants – 12% Other uses: Flame retardant, paint and coatings, heat transfer fluid, microscopy, adhesives, casting wax PCB Attributes PCBs’ many useful physical and chemical properties led to its widespread use. 1.4 billion lbs were produced between 1930 and 1975. Attributes include fire resistance, low electrical conductivity, high resistance to thermal breakdown, high degree of chemical stability PCBs are nearly insoluble in water but dissolve easily in fats Effects on the Environment When released, PCBs tend to stick around and easily cycle between environmental media PCBs are widely distributed in the environment as a consequence of past disposal practices and accidental releases PCBs bio-accumulate/bio-magnify. Health Effects PCBs are present in fatty tissues of exposed animals and humans Documented and suspected health impacts include: Irritation of skin and eyes; Liver and immune system disorders Reproductive and developmental effects Probable human carcinogen Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) TSCA enacted in October 1976 TSCA bans manufacture, processing, distribution in commerce and use of PCBs TSCA allows totally enclosed uses, no unreasonable risk exemptions TSCA Section 6(e) directed EPA to regulate PCBs 40 CFR Part 761 Subpart