unit4 grammar 虚拟语气 use.pptVIP

* * * * 虚拟语气? 1） 概念 　虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 2） 在条件句中的应用 　条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 在条件状语从句中,表示与事实相反的条件和结果。 1) 与现在事实相反： If 主语 …, 主语 +V原 2)与过去事实相反： If 主语 ,主语 +have Ved 3)与将来事实相反： If 主语 …, 主语 +V原 were V-ed should (would could, might) should (would could, might) should were to did should (would could, might) had Ved 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点： 1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。 If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital. 2.假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? Should there be a flood, what should we do? 注意：　 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。 If I were you, I would go to look for him.　　 如果我是你，就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be all right. 　　 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。 典型例题　_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were IB. I were　C. Were I　D. Was I 　 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Werent I to do. Had you listened to the doctor, you _________ all right now. A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been 2. __________ any change about the date, please tell me immediately. A. Will there be B. Should there be C. There will be D. There should be 3. __________ today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave 4. Should it rain, the crops _____