供应链设计与管理Chap006.pptVIP

General Strategy实施过程 Make a part of the product to stock – generic product 使产品一部分库存化 The point where differentiation has to be introduced is the push-pull boundary推拉边界的确定 Based on extent of customization, the position of the boundary on the timeline is decided基于客户定制决定推拉时间线 * Identifying the Appropriate Supply Chain Strategy确定适当的供应链战略 FIGURE 6-9: Push-pull supply chains Impact of Demand Uncertainty and Economies of Scale Demand Uncertainty:需求的不确定性 Higher demand uncertainty leads to a preference for pull strategy. 导致拉式供应链 Lower demand uncertainty leads to an interest in managing the supply chain based on a long-term forecast: push strategy.下游需求的不确定性导致长期预测的供应链：推动战略。 Economies of scale:规模经济 The higher the importance of economies of scale in reducing cost 降低成本 The greater the value of aggregating demand The greater the importance of managing the supply chain based on long-term forecast, a push-based strategy. 基于长期预测的推式战略 Economies of scale are not important 规模经济并不重要 Aggregation does not reduce cost 聚合不减少成本 A pull-based strategy makes more sense. 拉式战略更有意义。 * Implementing a Push–Pull Strategy Achieving the appropriate design depends on many factors: product complexity 产品的复杂性 manufacturing lead times 提前期 supplier–manufacturer relationships. 供应商，制造商之间的关系 Many ways to implement a push–pull strategy location of the push–pull boundary. 推拉边界的位置 Dell locates the boundary at the assembly point Furniture manufacturers locate the boundary at the production point * Impact of the Push-Pull Strategy Push portion 推式部分 Low uncertainty 低不确定性 Service level not an issue Focus on cost minimization. 成本最小化 Long lead times提前期长 Complex supply chain structures结构复杂 Cost minimization achieved by: 成本最小化实现方式： better utilizing resources such as production and distribution capacities 更好地利用资源，如生产和销售能力 minimizing inventory, transportation, and production costs. 降低库存，运输和生产成本 Supply Chain Planning processes are applied. * Pull portion 拉式部分 High uncertainty 高度不确定性 Simple supply