Lecture6英语本科学生学习之《英语词汇学.剖析.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 5. Reduplication(重叠法/递接法) Reduplicatives should be used with care . They can be very effective when used properly . Below is an example of the effective use of reduplicatives : Our time is running out and we must hurry-scurry with this fiddle-faddle , because willy-nilly this feature must end even if it is topsy-turvy (颠三倒四的、乱七八糟的). 6. Analogy Analogy is a process whereby words are created in imitation of other words (newly created ones or existing ones). E.g. Existing word new words created by analogy sunrise moonrise; earthrise chairman chairwoman ;chairperson earthquake starquake nightmare daymare environmental pollution air pollution; water on on-the-job off-the-job Analogy Examples marathon-----telethon, talkathon blue-collar workers-----white-collar workers, gray-collar workers﹙维修保养工作者﹚, pink-collar workers﹙典型女性职业工作者﹚, gold-collar workers﹙高级专业人士﹚，bright- gold-collar workers﹙电脑及通讯专业人士﹚ environmental pollution-----visual or eye pollution, noise pollution, cultural pollution, graffiti pollution First Family-----First Lady, First Dog Landscape-----moonscape Bird’s eye------fish-eye, worm’s-eye, cat’s-eye Analogy cheesecake (女性健美或美腿照)--beefcake (男性健美照) Hunger strike (绝食抗议)—sleep strike (绝眠抗议) Sit-in (静坐抗议)—love-in (颓废派青年爱情聚会活动) Official diplomacy—dollar diplomacy—gunboat diplomacy—quiet diplomacy—people-to-people diplomacy (民间外交) 7.Onomatopoeia (=echoism ) (拟声法/拟声词) Some English words came into being by onomatopoeia, i.e. the imitation of natural sounds. Onomatopoeic words are echoic ones whose sounds suggest their senses. These words help us from mental pictures about the things, people, or places that are described. ①.Echoic words in connection with the sound made by animals eg. goose---cackle pig---g