The history of English language 英语发展史.pptVIP

English 一词的来源 The language historian divides English history into three times: 2、Middle English 中古英语时期 1、Ancient English 古英语时期 3、Modern English 现代英语时期 语言的谱系分类法 Indo-European languages 46% (Europe, Southwest to South Asia, America, Oceania) Sino-Tibetan languages 21% (East Asia) Niger-Congo languages 6.4% (Sub-Saharan Africa) Afro-Asiatic languages 6.0% (North Africa to Horn of Africa, Southwest Asia) Austronesian languages 5.9% (Oceania, Madagascar, maritime Southeast Asia) 语言的谱系分类法 Dravidian languages 3.7% (South Asia) Altaic languages 2.3% (Central Asia, Northern Asia, Anatolia, Siberia) Japonic languages 2.1% (Japan) Austro-Asiatic languages 1.7% (mainland Southeast Asia) Tai-Kadai languages 1.3% (Southeast Asia) In the late eighth century, the Vikings attacked England. Fighting continued for years. During this time, almost two hundred many Latin, Danish, and Norse words entered the English language. Latin gave English words like kitchen and cup. From Danish and Norse, English borrowed skin, leg, and the pronouns them, their, and they. many synonyms from the Norse language became integrated into English, for example, wrath(English),anger(Norse);sick(English),ill(Norse). （公元1100—1500年） 1066年，诺曼人征服英国。 法语成为富人的语言和强有力的象征，但穷人主要讲英语。 在14世纪末，英语再次成为第一语言。 到这时，英国人使用的很多词汇来自法语或者拉丁语，并且许多早期的词汇已经不复存在。 In 1066, the Normans conquered England. French became the language of the wealthy and powerful, and English was spoken mostly by poorer people. In the late fourteenth century, English became the first language again. By this time, many words used in English came from French or Latin, and a lot of the early words no longer existed. 2、Middle English （1500-- ） 3、Modern English Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden and distinct change in pronunciation (the Great Vowel Shift) started, with vowels being pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had contact with many peoples from around the world. This, and the Renaissance of Classica