微生物英文题库.docVIP

Test 1: Development of Microbiology ■Multiple Choice (choose one answer) 1. The fundamental unit （基本单位）of all living organisms is the: C ■.membrane ■.cell ■.nucleus ■.cell wall 2. Organisms that do not contain a true nucleus are referred to as:C ■.fungi 真菌 ■.eukaryotic 真核生物 ■.prokaryotic 原核生物 ■.nankaryotic 3. The three kingdom classification system （三界分类系统）of organisms was proposed by:D ■.Pasteur ■.Bacon ■.Winogradsky ■.Woese 4. Fungi differ from bacteria in a number of characteristics. The cell walls in fungi are composedof , while the cell walls of bacteria are composed of peptidoglycan. A ■.chitin 壳多糖 ■.phospholipid 磷脂 ■.protein 蛋白质 ■.glucosamine 葡糖胺 5. The first microscopes were developed by: C ■.Ehrlich ■.Metchnikoff ■.Leewenhoek ■.Lister 6. Control of microbial infections can be accomplished by chemical or immune mechanisms. The first report on the production of an antibiotic（抗生素） is credited to:C ■.Lister ■.Fleming ■.Ehrlich ■.Koch 7. The term antibiotic means:C ■.a substance produced by the laboratory that kills or inhibits other microorganisms ■.a substance produced by microorganisms that kills or inhibits molds （霉菌） ■.a substance produced by microorganism that kills or inhibits other microorganisms ■.a substance produced by microorganisms that kills or inhibits cancer cells 8. The first documented use of a vaccine（疫苗） for smallpox天花was reported by the English physician:D ■.Lister ■.Florey ■.Fleming ■.Jenner 9. Active immunity （主动免疫）can be distinguished from passive immunity in that the former requires:B ■.development of antibodies in ones own body by stimulation with external antibodies ■.development of antibodies in ones own body by stimulation with external antigens（抗原） ■.Flemingdevelopment of antibodies in a foreign hos