毕业论文（设计）基于modelsim的DMA控制器的设计说明书.docVIP

摘 要 DMA是直接存储器存取方式，即Direct Memory Access)方式的缩写，存储器与I/O设备之间的数据传送在DMA控制器又称DMAC的管理下直接进行，而不经过CPU。DMA方式适用于高速传送成组数据。DMA控制器将向内存发出地址和控制信号，修改地址，对传送的字的个数计数，并且以中断方式向CPU报告传送操作的结束。DMA方式的主要优点是传输速度快。由于CPU根本不参加传送操作，因此就省去了CPC取指令、取数、送数等操作。目前由于大规模集成电路工艺发展，很多厂家直接生产大规模集成电路的DMA控制器，虽然DMA控制器复杂程度差不多接近于CPU，但是用起来非常方便。 本文在基于Verilog HDL设计DMA控制器时，采用的是Top-Down的设计方法。DMA控制器电路系统是由数据寄存器、地址产生器、状态控制器三个子模块组成，并且整个DMA控制器电路系统的编译、仿真是在对三个子模块分别进行编译、仿真的基础上完成的。 关键词： DMA控制器 ；Verilog；Modelsim；仿真 Abstract DMA is a direct memory access mode, namely (Direct Memory Access) the abbreviation, between the memory and IO devices transmit data over the DMA controller (DMAC) under management directly, without passing through the CPU. DMA is suitable for high speed to transmit data. The DMA controller to the memory address and control signals, modify address, counting on the transfer of the word, and in order to interrupt the report to CPU transfer operation. The main advantages of the DMA method is fast transmission speed. Because CPU does not participate in the transfer operation, thus eliminating the CPC instruction fetch, access, send a few operation. At present, due to the large scale integrated circuit technology development, the direct production of DMA controller LSI many manufacturers, although the DMA controller complexity almost close to CPU, but it is very easy to use. In this paper, the design of DMA controller based on Verilog HDL, using the Top-Down the design method. The DMA controller circuit system is composed of data register, address generator, state a controller composed of three modules, and the compiler, simulation of the entire DMA controller circuit system and are compiled, based on the simulation and synthesis of three sub-modules. Keywords: DMA controller ；Verilog；Modelsim；simulation 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 DMA控制器的研究意义及背景 1 1.2 DMA控制器国内外发展状况 1 1.3 本文所做的工作及主要内容 2 1.4 篇章结构 2 2 DMA控制器的基本理论 4 2.1 基本的DMA控制器 4 2.1.1 DMA控制器的基本功能 4 2.1.2 DMA控制器的基本组成 5 2.1.3 DMA控制器的传送方式 6 2.1.4 DMA控制器的传送过程 8 2.1.5 DMA控