Unit4Book-sleflearning-Jade课件.pptVIP

* * * Part I Introduction (Para. 1~2) What is placebo? Part II The study of the placebo (Para. 3~7) Placebo is a sugar pill, a harmless shot, or an empty capsule. Even though they have no medicine in them, these things seem to make people well. A. One explanation: The placebo works because the human mind fools itself. B. The other explanation: The placebo makes the wish to get better become reality. C. The most powerful placebo of all: The doctor. Supporting evidence: First group (led by a doctor): 70 % of them got better. Second group (led by a nurse): Only 25 %. Part III Different cases in which a placebo may work (Para. 8~9) The placebo has been found to work with seasickness, coughs, colds and pain after an operation. Supporting evidence: The first group were given nothing at all. Result: The first group showed no changes from the way old people in that village had always been. The second group were given a placebo. Result: The second group had much better health and a lower death rate. The third group were given a real drug which was said to be able to help with the problems of old age. Result: The third group showed much the same results as the group that took the placebo. Some doctors think that if the placebo can have bad effects it should never be used. Part V Conclusion (Para.12) The strange power of the placebo does seem to suggest that the human mind is stronger than we think it is. The use of the placebo has been known for hundreds of years in other countries. Part IV Two opposite attitudes towards the use of a placebo (Para.10 ~11) Sometimes all a sick person needs is some reassurance that all will be well. (Line 3) All + sb. needs/cares about/remembers… is +表语… 某人所需要的/关心的/记着的一切就是…… 此句中，all 后面省略了that，all 后面带的是定语从句。 All China needs now is peace and stability. All I remember about my hometown is the river in which I swam with some of my friends. 中国当前所需要的是和平和稳定。 我所能记住的有关我家乡的就是那条河，我曾和伙伴们一起在河里游泳。