中国古代杰出五大女性.pptVIP

Contents Wu zetian（武则天） Shangguan wan er(上官婉儿） Hua mulan（花木兰） Li qingzhao(李清照） The empress Xiaozhuang （孝庄太后） Princess wencheng(文成公主） Introduction Empress Wu Zetian (624-705) of the Tang Dynasty (618-907) was the only female monarch（君主）of China, and ruled the empire for over half a century. While her actions have been a subject for debate for more than ten centuries, Wu Zetian remains the most remarkable, influential and mysterious woman in Chinese history. Wu Zetian entered the Tang palace at 13 and became a concubine （妾）of Emperor Taizong of Tang. She did not become a favorite of Taizong‘s, and after his death in 649, she might have been expected to spend the rest of her life as a Buddhist nun（尼姑）, like his other childless concubines. She was fortunate in that Empress Wang, the wife and empress of Emperor Taizong’s son and successor Emperor Gaozong, wanted another beautiful concubine to divert（转移） Emperor Gaozongs favors from Consort Xiao, with whom Empress Wang was having a desperate struggle. Wang had Wu brought back to the palace and made her a concubine of Emperor Gaozong. Consort Wu as she became known proceeded to defeat both Empress Wang and Consort Xiao in the struggle for Emperor Gaozongs affection, and subsequently, both Empress Wang and Consort Xiao were killed, and she was made empress. 1. In spite of her ruthless rise to power, Wu Zetian proved to be a very competent （能干的）monarch （君主）and throughout her reign the legacy of prosperity was bequeathed （遗留） 2. Wu Zetian was eager to draw into her government all manner of talented people. She even encouraged people to volunteer their services if they consider themselves competent. The imperial examination system was further revised in order that no man of ability should be excluded due to his lowly birth. She also initiated the practice of personally interviewing candidates. In this way, many political talents were found and employed in the government. Such people included the famous prime minister, Di