Book8Unit1(Wendy).docVIP

Grammar: 名词性从句 编制：文新颖 审核： 厉艳军 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句，其主要有四种从句结构：以that引导的从句；以whether/if引导的从句；以特殊疑问词引导的从句；以what或wh-ever等连接词引导的名词性关系性从句。此外，as if/as though也可引导表语从句。 名词性从句一直很受高考命题者的青睐，对名词性从句的考查主要集中在以下几点：1. 考查从属连词that和连接代词what的区别；2. 考查whether和if的区别；3. 考查名词性从句和定语从句的区别以及各种名词性从句的引导词之间的异同。 一 主语从句 分清引主语从句的三类关联词：1）从属连词that不充当句子成分，本身无意义，仅起引导作用，通常用it作形式主语。2）连接代词who, whom, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever有意义，在句中作主语或宾语。3）连接副词where, when, how, why有意义，在句中作状语。 注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义。如： Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. （whichever = anyone of you who) 【典例1】 ______ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who 简析：考查主语的引导词，引导词在从句中作主语指代人，而且表示不确定的任何人。 由it作形式主语的句型。 1)It + be +形容词（obvious, natural, good, funny, etc.) +that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 2)It + be +名词性词组（no wonder, an honor, no surprise, etc.）+ that从句。如： It is a pity that you can’t stay longer. 3)It + be +过去分词（said, reported, thought, believed, expected, etc.）+that从句。 It is reported that China has sent Jade Rabbit to roam across the Bay of Rainbows. 4)It + seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如： It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. 5) It doesn’t matter/makes no difference, etc. +连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句。如： It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not． 注意:what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句，必须置于主句的谓语动词之前，不能用it作形式主语。如Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 【】 Does it make any difference _____ he refuses or accepts the invitation? A. whether B. which C. if D. thatWhether I will go there is not decided. =It is not decided whether/if I will go there. 【归纳】:whether引导的主语从句可放在句首,也可放在句中；但if引导的主语从句一般放在主句的后面。 二 宾语从句 常见的动词（see, say ,know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid, be surprised, etc.）+ that从句。（that可省略）如： Do you know (that) he has joined the army? I’m sure (that) he will pa