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INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES VOLUME 45, NUMBER 2: 116–124 APRIL 2007
Perspectives
The Renaming of Mental Retardation: Understanding the
Change to the Term Intellectual Disability
Robert L. Schalock, Ruth A. Luckasson, and Karrie A. Shogren, With Sharon Borthwick-Duffy,
Val Bradley, Wil H. E. Buntinx, David L. Coulter, Ellis (Pat) M. Craig, Sharon C. Gomez,
Yves Lachapelle, Alya Reeve, Martha E. Snell, Scott Spreat, Marc J. Tasse´,
James R. Thompson, Miguel A. Verdugo, Michael L. Wehmeyer, and Mark H. Yeager
Introduction and Overview shift is the understanding that this term covers the
same population of individuals who were diagnosed
There is considerable and intense discussion in previously with mental retardation in number, kind,
the field of intellectual disability/mental retardation level, type, and duration of the disability and the
about the construct of disability, how intellectual need of people with this disability for individualized
disability fits within the general construct of dis- services and supports. Furthermore, every individual
ability, and the use of the term intellectual disability who is or was eligible for a diagnosis of mental re-
(Glidden, 2006; Greenspan, 2006; MacMillan, Sip- tardation is eligible for a diagnosis of intellectual
erstein, Leffert, 2006; Schalock Luckasson, disability.
2004; Switzky Greenspan, 2006b). This discus- In addition, in this article we explore why the
sion is occurring within the context of competing field is shifting to the term intellectual disability. In-
world views of the philosophical and epistemolog- creased understanding is based on a
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