大学英语第一册 unit 3.pptVIP

Unit 3 Understanding Science Let’s enjoy a movie clip first, and then think about the questions. Questions: 1. Have you ever heard of Adam Smith and his economic theory? 2. What’s Nash talking about? Do you agree with his reasoning? Adam Smith Adam Smith (baptised 16 June 1723?– died 17 July 1790 [OS: 5 June 1723?– 17 July 1790]) was a Scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of political economics. One of the key figures of the Scottish Enlightenment, Smith is the author of The Theory of Moral Sentiments and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. The latter, usually abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work of economics. Smith is widely cited as the father of modern economics and capitalism 1. As every individual, therefore, endeavours as much as he can both to employ his capital in the support of domestick industry, and so to direct that industry that its produce may be of the greatest value; every individual necessarily labours to render the annual revenue of the society as great as he can. He generally, indeed, neither intends to promote the publick interest, nor knows how much he is promoting it . By preferring the support of domestiek to that of foreign industry, he intends only his own security; and by directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this , as in many other eases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of his intention . Nor is it always the worse for the society that it was no part of it. By pursuing his own interest he frequently promotes that of the society more effectually than when he really intends to promote it . I have never known much good done by those who affected to trade for the publick good. [emphasis added]. 2. Smiths statement about the benefits of an invisible hand is certainly meant to answer Mandevilles contention that Priv