数字摄影测量原理在车身标识点测量中的应用毕业论文.docVIP

摘 要 在汽车碰撞试验中，汽车车身的变形具有不可预见性，这些变形的位置，变形方式以及变形量的大小等对于改进汽车设计，分析汽车安全性有着重要意义。 由于实际车身在撞击过程的外形是复杂的三维曲面，而影像成像的过程为一中心投影过程，图像的像平面是二维平面信息，因此存在信息丢失和信息失真。 本文运用了一种基于近景摄影测量的 DLT（直接线性变换）模型的试验车辆勘查新方法。利用CCD摄像机可以获得被测试验车辆的二维图像,得到实际空间坐标系和摄像机像平面坐标之间的透视变换,利用2台或2台以上的摄像机从不同方向拍摄2副或2副以上的二维图象,通过直接线型变换的理论,可以得到试验车辆的三维图象信息。因此,本文首先利用2台高分辨率的摄像机从2个方向对贴有车身标识点的汽车车身进行摄影，得到车身标志点的二维图象；然后根据透视摄影，数字图象处理，三维测量原理等理论对所获得的图象进行分析和处理，从而进一步获得汽车标识点的变化以及汽车变形量的相关信息。实践证明，该方法操作简单方便，成本便宜，实用性更强，为更好的提高汽车被动安全性提供有力依据。 关键词：被动安全性，侧门，摄影测量，碰撞 The Application of the Digital Photogrammetry in the Measurement of Vehicle Body Marked Point ABSTRACT In the automobile impact test, the automobile body distortion has fortuitousness. The positions, distortion way and distortion quantity have vital significance to the improvement of automobile design and the analysis of the automobile safety. Because the actual automobile body distortion contour during the impact test is the complex three-dimension curved surface and the image imagery process is a central projection process, the image plane is the two-dimensional surface information, it existence information loss and information distortion. This article utilized one kind to investigate the new method based on the short distance photogrammetry DLT model experimental vehicles. We use the CCD camera to obtain the two-dimensional picture for the tested vehicles, we obtains the perspective transformation between the actual three-dimensional coordinate system and the camera place coordinates. So, this article first uses two high resolution cameras to Photography the automobile body with Marked Point from two directions, obtains the two-dimensional picture form the automobile body marked point. Then we analysis and processing the image basic on Perspective photography, digital image processing, three dimensional survey principle. Then, we get an automobile marking change as well as the automobile distortion quantity related information. The practice proved, this method operation simple is c