武汉理工大学电工实习报告中国好学长系列之小灰灰的爸爸.docVIP

学 号： 课 程 论 文 课程名称 电工实习 学 院 计算机科学与技术学院 专 业 软件工程 班 级 中国好学长系列 姓 名 小灰灰的爸爸 指导教师 明宏 2012—2013学年 第1学期目录 安全用电常识······································ 仪器仪表的使用···································· 电子元器件的认识与测量···························· 555声光报警器···································· 原理图············································ 方框图············································ 工作原理分析······································ 安装布置图········································ 焊接装配流程······································ 检测与调试········································ 电路板正反面照片·································· 流水彩灯音乐盒的·································· 原理图············································ 方框图············································ 工作原理分析······································ 安装布置图········································ 检测与调试········································ 电路板正反面照片·································· Protel 99 SE······································ 实验步骤·········································· 电路原理图········································ 印刷电路板图······································ 居家电路的设计与安装······························ 系统图············································ 工程材料表········································ 安装布置图········································ 实物照片·········································· 附录·············································· 555声光报警器元件测量表··························· 流水灯音乐盒原元测量表···························· 安全用电常识 在我们日常生活中不可避免要接触到一些电器，因此掌握一些必要的安全用电常识是非常必要的。 （1）人体也是有一定电阻的，通过人体电流决定于触电时的电压和人体电阻。影响人体电阻的因素很多，并且因人而异。一般人正常情况下角质层电阻较大，但当角质层已破坏，皮肤潮湿多汗均会降低人体电阻，触电时间越长，发热出汗越多，人体电阻越小。除角质层外，一个正常人的电阻一般在1000欧姆左右。但是有角质层时的绝缘电阻一般大于50000欧姆。 （2）关于安全电压和安全电流 安全电压：即在此电压下触电的人是安全，一般不用安全电压而用安全电流，因为影响电流变化的因素，而电力系统的电压通常是恒定的。我国确定的安全电压范围是0-36V。一般36V以下电压不会造成人员伤亡，故称36V为安全电压。 安全电流:通过人体电流不致使人受伤害的电流，根据科学实验和事故分析得出不同数值的电流大小对人体危害的特征，确定额外50-60HZ的交流电10mA和直流电50mA为人体安全电流，也就是说，人体通过小于安全电流是安全的。 另外，在心脏波动的周期中，有约0.1s的特定相位对电流最敏感，通电时间越长，与该特定相位重合的可能性就愈大，引起心室颤动的可