《对电镜初学者来说非常好的！Tutorials in Transmission Electron Microscopy》.doc

Tutorials in Transmission Electron Microscopy 1 1. Learn to use a TEM quickly... 1 1 Get start 2 2 Learn about alignment and shift 11 3 Learn about imaging mode 19 4 The gun 29 5 The condenser system 31 6 Astigmatism 37 7 The objective lens 40 8 The specimen height and eucentric height 44 9 Pivot points 47 10 Diffraction mode 50 11 The schematic diagram 55 12 The twin objective lens 57 13 The Computer 60 14 Alignment 61 15 The Vacuum System 62 16 More about gun tilt 65 17 Focussing the diffraction pattern 65 2. Learn to do STEM or TEM/STEM... 66 1 Introduction to STEM 66 2 The Ronchigram 68 3 Lens geometry in STEM mode on a TEM 73 4 Pivot points 76 5 Aligning the detectors 78 6 STEM Mode on the FEI CM20 81 3. Learn about key concepts in electron wave theory - without lots of mathematics... 85 1 The electron as a wave: 85 2 Electron wave interference: 90 3 Phase threads 92 4 Spherical waves 93 5 Diffraction at an aperture 95 6 The calculus of wave interference 98 7 Youngs slits 102 8 Huygens Principle 105 9 Fresnel fringes 108 10 The Fraunhofer and Fresnel approximations 111 11 The Fourier Transform: 121 12 The Fourier transform of a one-dimensional aperture (a harbour entrance) 132 13 The diffraction grating 140 14 The Fourier transform of a diffraction grating 147 15 Crystallography and diffraction: a very simple introduction 154 16 The scattering vector and plane waves in 3D 160 17 Bragg’s Law 167 18 Reciprocal space and the reciprocal lattice 172 19 Reciprocal space, the Ewald sphere and the electron microscope 181 20 The convolution integral 190 4. Diffractive imaging 203 Tutorials in Transmission Electron Microscopy by John Rodenburg / 1. Learn to use a TEM quickly... A single lens: get hands-on experience right from the start Understand shift and tilt : this is how we correct misalignments. We also practice adjusting an aperture position Two or more lenses: understand how the microscope magnifies and learn how to take an image The gun: learn how to turn o