英美概况期末复习资料.docVIP

U.K. overview 1.Names and Position P.3 ★The full name of the country--The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland The British Isles— Great Britain, the largest one (地理概念) Ireland, the second largest one Thousands of other isles The UK— Great Britain （政治概念） Northern Ireland A number of smaller islands around them Great Britain—England, south, most populated and developed P.4 Scotland, north, second largest Wales, southwest, the smallest Ireland, Northern Ireland P.5 Location P.7—to the west and off the European Continent, on the east side of the Atlantic Ocean. It does not share land border with any other countries except the Republic of Ireland To the north: the seaway between the coasts of Iceland and Norway to the Arctic Ocean Across the North Sea: Holland, Germany, Denmark, Norway. Across the English Channel: France To the south: Spain and Portugal 2.Climate and Weather P.11 ★Three features— changeable weather mild temperature abundant rainfall 3.Inland Water P.14 The Severn River塞文河(the largest, 355 km) The Thames River泰晤士河(the second largest, the most important, 332km) The Clyde River克莱德河(in Scotland) 1.The English Language P.16 ★Old English (5th-12th century) came with Anglo-Saxon invasion ★Middle English (12th-15th century) after the Norman Conquest ★Modern English (15th century) began to take shape during the Renaissance People P.20 A. People of the English origin (the majority, descendents of the English-speaking Anglo-Saxons) The Scottish people The Welsh people D. The Irish people Some other minority groups ★Origins of the People P.21 The aboriginal Celts The 1st century: the conquest of the Celts by the Romans C. The 5th century: the conquest of the Britons by the Teutonic tribes of Angles, Saxons, and Jutes—the Anglo-Saxons D. The 8th century: the invasion by the Danes E. 1066AD: the Norman Conquest ★Common Characteristics of the People P.34 Conservatism—adherence to tra