专业英语重点句.docVIP

1.Biotechnology is an area of applied bioscience and technology which involves the practical application of biological organisms ，or their subcellular components to manufacturing and service industries and to environment management.生物工程是属于应用生物科学和技术的一个领域，它包含微生物或其亚细胞组份在制造业、服务业和环境管理等方面的应用。 2. Successful application of biotechnology will result only from the integration of a multiplicity of scientific disciplines and technologies，including microbiology biochemistry，genetics，molecular biology，chemistry and chemical and process engineering. 只有将微生物学、生物化学、遗传学、分子生物学、化学和化学工程等多种学科和技术结合起来，生物工程的应用才能获得成功。 3. The reactions of biotechnological processes can be catabolic，in which complex compounds are broken down to simpler ones(glucose to ethanol)，or anabolic or biosynthetic，whereby simple molecules are built up into more complex ones (antibiotic synthesis). 生物工程加工中的反应可以是分解代谢，在分解代谢中，复杂的物质可以分解成简单的物质（如葡萄糖分解成乙醇）；也可以是合成代谢，也就是生物合成，依靠合成代谢简单的分子被组建成复杂的分子（如抗生素合成）。 4. Catabolic reactions are usually exergonic whereas anabolic reactions are normally endergonic. 分解反应通常释放能量，反之合成代谢通常是吸收能量。 5. A high proportion of the techniques used in biotechnology tend to be more economic, less energy demanding and safer than current traditional industrial processes and for most processes the residues are biodegradable and non-toxic. 大多数用在生物工程上的技术与传统工业工艺相比，往往倾向于更经济、更低耗能、更安全，其中绝大多数工艺的残留物是生物所能降解且无毒的。 6. In practice, four major development phases can be identified in arriving at modern biotechnological systems. 实际上，现代生物技术体系经历了四个主要的发展阶段。 7. Of more recent introduction is mushroom cultivation which probably dates back many hundreds of years for Japanese shii-ta-ke cultivation and about 300 years for the Agaricus mushroom now widely cultivated throughout the temperate world. 蘑菇培养可能要追溯到几百年前日本的“shii-ta-ke”培养法，如今在温带地区被广泛地培养的“Agaricus”蘑菇也有大约300年的历史了。 8. It cannot be ascertained whether these microbial processes arose by accidental observation or by intuitive experimentation but their further and continued development